上海版预初年级英语词汇总复习

一、 词性 1、人称代词

主格： I we you she he it they 宾格： me us you her him it them

形容词性物主代词：my our your her his its their 名词性物主代词： mine ours yours hers his its theirs 2、形容词和副词的比较级

(1) 一般在形容词或副词后+er：older taller longer stronger、、、 (2) 多音节词前+more：more interesting、、、 (3) 双写最后一个字母,再+er：bigger fatter、、、 (4) 把y变i,再+er：heavier, earlier、、、

(5) 不规则变化：well-better, much/many-more、、、 3、可数词的复数形式： 大多数的名词+ s a book –books

名词末尾变形的+y - y+ ies a story—stories

名词末尾是 s,sh,ch,o,x + es a glass—glasses a watch-watches 名词末尾是o +s or +es a piano—pianos a mango—mangoes 名词末尾是f or fe - f or fe +ves a knife –knives a shelf-shelves 4、不可数名词<单复数形式不变>：bread, rice, water ,juice etc、、、 5、缩略形式：

I’m = I am you’re = you are she’s = she is he’s = he is it’s = it is who’s =who is can’t =can not isn’t=is not 6、a/an：a book, a peach, an egg an hour

7、介词: on, in ,in front of, between, next to, near, beside, at, behind. 表示时间：at six o’clock, at Christmas, at breakfast,on Monday、on 15th July、 On National Day,in the evening、in December、in winter 8、基数词和序数词：one – first, two-second, twenty-twentieth

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9、Some /any：I have some toys in my bedroom. Do you have any brothers or sisters? 二．句子的种类

陈述句

肯定:叙述一件事情或说明说话人的看法如：This is a bag.That's my book.I can see a bag over there.

否定：I don't know. 疑问句

一般〔用于提出问题〕 Are you a student?Do you like puppets?Can you speak English? 特殊〔用于提出问题〕 What's your name?Where's my bag?How many trees are there? 选择〔用于提出问题〕Is your friend a boy or a girl? 反意〔用于提出问题 〕It's a fine day, isn't it?

祈使句表示命令或请求、建议或Put it here!Look at the noticeboard.

感叹句表示惊讶\\赞美\\愤怒等强烈情感How smart!Glad to see you!What a nice pencil case!

一、be动词：am, is, are

二、肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句定义 1．肯定句：表示肯定的意思, 即不含有否定词\"不\". 比如：我是一个学生 I am a student. 他去上学 He goes to school. 2．否定句：表示否定的意思.

比如：我不是一个男孩. I am not a boy 他不去上学 He does not go to school.

3. 一般疑问句：回答为\"是yes\"或者\"否no\"的问句. 比如：你是一个学生吗？ Are you a student? 你喜欢英语吗？ Do you like English?

4. 特殊疑问句：回答不是\"是yes\"或者\"否no\"的问句,根据提问内容具体回答. 比如：现在几点了？ What’s the time? 哪一支笔是你的？ Which is your pen?

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三、肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句的相互转换 有am, is, are的句子

肯定句变否定句：在am, is, are后面加上not,其余按顺序照抄.

肯定句变一般疑问句：把am, is, are提前放到句首并大写Am, Is, Are,其余照抄. 肯定句变特殊疑问句〔就划线部分提问〕：分3步骤 第一步：先变一般疑问句

第二步：找合适的特殊疑问词代替划线部分

第三步：特殊疑问词提前放到句首,并大写,其余按顺序照抄,省略划线部分.

注意：一定先变一般疑问句.但是,如果问的是主语或主语的定语时,语序不变,为\"特殊疑问词<+主语>+陈述句\".

如：Li ming 's not here today. Who's not here today? 今天谁没来？ 例如：

1、肯定句、否定句和一般疑问句的互换 肯定句：This is a book. 否定句：This is not a book. 一般疑问句：Is this a book? 肯定回答：Yes, it is. 否定回答：No, it isn’t.

2、就划线部分提问<变特殊疑问句>This is a book. 第一步：变一般疑问句 Is this a book? 第二步：找合适的特殊疑问词 Is this what ?

第三步：特殊疑问词提前放到句首,并大写,其余按顺序照抄,省略划线部分.What is this?

没有am, is, are的句子

肯定句变否定句：在主语后面加上do not或者does not,其余按顺序照抄动词用原形 肯定句变一般疑问句：在句首加do或者does并大写,其余照抄. 注意：动词用原形肯定句变特殊疑问句〔就划线部分提问〕：分3步骤 第一步：先变一般疑问句

第二步：找合适的特殊疑问词代替划线部分

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第三步：特殊疑问词提前放到句首,并大写,其余按顺序照抄,省略划线部分.

注意：1.一定先变一般疑问句.但是,如果问的是主语或主语的定语时,语序不变,为\"特殊疑问词<+主语>+陈述句\".

2.划线部分不能在特殊疑问句中出现. 非单三时用do, 单三时用does 非单三 肯定句：I like English. 一般疑问句：Do you like English? 否定句：I do not like English. 单三 肯定句：He likes English. 一般疑问句：Does he like English? 否定句：He does not like English. 就划线部分提问：I like English.

第一步：先变一般疑问句 Do you like English?

第二步：找合适的特殊疑问词代替划线部分Do you like what?

第三步：特殊疑问词提前放到句首,并大写,其余按顺序照抄,省略划线部分.What do you like? 特殊：

1.some变为any.

如： There are some birds in the tree.→There aren't any birds in the tree. 但是,若在表示请邀请、请求的句子中,some可以不变.

如： Would you like some orange juice? 与此相关的一些不定代词如something, somebody等也要进行相应变化. 2.and变为or.

如：I have a knife and a ruler.→I don't have a knife or a ruler. 3.a lot of <=lots of>变为many或much.

如：They have a lot of friends.〔可数名词〕→They don't have many friends.

There is lots of orange in the bottle.〔不可数名词〕→There isn't much orange in the bottle. 4.already变为yet.

如：I have been there already.→I haven't been there yet.

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三、时态 一、一般现在时

〔1〕表示经常发生的动作或事情,通常用 \"usually, often, every day, sometimes,always,never\"等词.

（2）基本结构：I / You / We / They He / She / It

肯定句：动词原形〔V〕 动词第三人称单数形式〔V+S〕 否定句：don’t + 动词 doesn’t + 动词原形

一般疑问句 Do… ? Yes, I do. Does…<动词原形>…?No,she doesn’t. 特殊疑问句 What do …? How does she…<动词原形>…? (3) 动词第三人称单数形式 二、现在进行时

（1）表示正在发生的动作,通常用\"now,look\". （2）基本形式： be + 动词+ing eg: I am doing my homework. You/We/They are reading. He/She/It iseating. What are you doing? Is he reading?

（3）动词的现在分词形式〔do+ing〕 大多数的名词是 +ing walk—walking 一些动词含有 e -e + ing e—ing

特殊需要双写的 run-running swim-swimming 三、一般过去时

（1）表示过去已经发生的事情,通常用 \"last week, just now, yesterday\"等词.

（2）be 动词的过去式: am/is—was are—were I/He/she/it was…. You/we/they were….一般疑问句was, were 放在句首. （3）过去式基本结构

肯定句 动词过去式 I went shopping last night. 否定句 Didn’t + 动词原形 I didn’t go shopping last night.

一般疑问句 Did …+ 动词原形…? Did you go shopping last night?

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特殊疑问句 What did…+ 动词原形…? What did you do last night? <4> 动词过去式的变化：规则动词的变化： 一般动词 +ed planted,watered,climbed 以不发音的e结尾 +d liked

辅音字母加y结尾 -y+ ied study—studied, cry- cried

重读闭音节单词,末尾只有一个辅音字母 双写最后一个字母+ed stop –stopped plan - planned

不规则动词的变化：

sweep swept teach taught have had go wentkeep kept think thought do did

find foundsleep slept buy bought eat ate say saidfeel felt drink drank is/am was take tookread read give gave are were mean meantput put sing sang drive drove meet metcut cut begin began speak spoke make madelet let ring rang write wrote see sawfly flew run ran ride rode e camedraw drew sit sat hear heard tell toldgrow grew learn learned/ learnt get got know knew

四、一般将来时一般将来时表示将来打算做的事或将要发生的事情.常常与tomorrow, next Sunday等时间状语连用. 结构：be going to +动词原形

例如：I’m going to visit my grandpa next week.

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