(总分：119.99，做题时间：90分钟)
一、Ⅰ．单项填空题(总题数：10，分数：10.00)
1.Several political parties ______ with each other against higher taxes. A.associate B.ally √ C.combine D.unite
解析： 考查动词辨析。A项意为“交往，结交；联系”；B项意为“结盟，联合”，多与with搭配；C项意为“联合，混合”；D项意为“联合，合并，团结”，尤指不同的事物或人组成统一体，强调结果。句意：几个政治党派联合起来反对提高税收。故选B。
2.He is wearing sunglasses to protect his eyes ______ the strong sunlight. A.of B.off C.from √ D.away
解析： 考查固定搭配。protect...from意为“保护……以免受伤”。句意：他戴着太阳镜以免眼睛被强烈的阳光照射。故选C。
3.I think a good star should ______ love his or her own country. A.at all B.in all
C.first of all √ D.after all
解析： 考查短语辨析。at all“根本，究竟”；in all“总共”；first of all“首先”；after all“毕竟，终究”。由整个句子的情况可以推测该句应理解为“我认为一个好的明星应该首先爱他(她)自己的祖国”。因此此题应选C项。
4.They happened to ______ for Tianjin when we got there. A.leave B.have left √ C.leaving D.had left
解析： 考查时态用法。happen to后接动词原形，所以先排除C、D，而不定式表示的动作发生于过去，故选B。
5.The house I grew up ______ has been taken down and replaced by an office building. A.in it B.in √ C.in that D.in which
解析： 考查定语从句。The house(which/that I grew up in)...，主语The house后面紧跟的是定语从句。
6.The ______ is the person with an idea he or she desires to communicate. A.message B.source √ C.context D.feedback
解析： 句意为“信息源是具有交际需要和愿望的具体的人”，故选B。message“信息”；context“情境”；feedback“反馈”。
7.The phenomenon that words having different meanings have the same form is called ______. A.hyponymy B.synonymy C.polysemy D.homonymy √
解析： homonymy，指的是语汇中一对对或是一组组的单词，虽然意思不同，但是发音相同，或拼写相同，又或者是发音和拼写都相同。这些一对对、一组组的单词我们称之为homonym(同形同音异义词、同形异义词、同音异义词)。
8.Syntax is the study of ______. A.language functions B.sentence structures √ C.textual organization D.word formation
解析： 句法学研究的内容是句子结构。
9.Francis Bacon is best known for his ______. A.essays √ B.novels C.paintings D.poetry
解析： 弗朗西斯·培根(1561—1626)，英国散文作家、哲学家、政治家，是古典经验论的始祖。他在1624年出版的《论说文集》文笔非常优美，是值得一读的佳作。 10.John Dryden was an ______ English. A.poet and dramatist √ B.novelist C.playwright D.essayist
解析： 考查英国文学知识。约翰·德莱顿(John Dryden)是英国古典主义最杰出的代表之一，是17世纪后期一位享有盛名的桂冠诗人，也是一位杰出的戏剧家。他所处的时期被称为“德莱顿”时代。
二、Ⅱ．完形填空(总题数：1，分数：20.00)
I consider myself something of an expert on apologies. A quiet temper has 1 me with plenty of opportunities to make them. In one of my earliest 2 , my mother is telling me, \"Don\"t watch the 3 when you say \"I\"m sorry\". Hold your head up and look the person in the 4 , so he\"ll know you 5 it.\"
My mother thus made the key point of a(n) 6 apology: it must be direct. You must never 7 to be doing something else. You do not 8 a pile of letters while apologizing to a person 9 in position after blaming him or her for a mistake that turned out to be your 10 . You do not apologize to a hostess, whose guest of honor you treat 11 , by sending flowers the next day without mentioning your bad 12 .
One of the important things we should do for an 13 apology is a readiness to 14 the responsibility for our careless mistakes. We are used to making excuses, which leaves no 15 for other person to 16 us. Since most people are open-hearted, the no-excuse apology is better. Leave both parties feeling 17 about themselves. That, after all, is the 18 for every apology. It 19 little whether the apologizer is wholly or only partly at fault: answering for one\"s 20 encourages others to take their share of the blame.（分数：20.00） A.provided √ B.mixed C.compared D.treated
解析： provide...with“向……提供……”，符合句意，故选A。
A.dreams B.courses C.memories √ D.ideas
解析： 紧接着的就是作者回忆出来的内容。故选C。 A.side B.ground √ C.wall D.bottom
解析： 联系下文，此处与后面提到的“要抬起头”正好相反。故选B。 A.mind B.soul C.face D.eye √
解析： 道歉时看着对方的眼睛，以示真诚，在这一点上中西方是一样的。故选D。 A.imagine B.enjoy C.mean √ D.regret
解析： 考查动词辨析。mean it意为“这样对方就会明白你有道歉的意思”。it在这里指道歉的行为。故选C。 A.useful B.successful √ C.equal D.basic
解析： 冒号后的内容即为“成功”道歉的基本特征。useful“有用的”；equal“平等的”；basic“基本的”，均不符合题意。 A.pretend √ B.forget C.refuse D.expect
解析： pretend“假装”带入句中，意为“你不能假装做些别的什么”符合情景。故选A。 A.hold on B.put away C.look through √ D.pick up
解析： look through“浏览”，look through a pile of letters意为“浏览一堆信件”，故选C。hold on“抓住，坚持”；put away“把……放到一边”；pick up“捡起，学会”，均不符合题意。 A.poorer B.weaker C.worse D.lower √
解析： 形容职位的高低一般用high和low。故选D。 A.fault √ B.reason C.result D.duty
解析： 此空要表达的意思与前面的mistake是一致的，应该填入fault“错误”。故选A。 A.cruelly
B.freely C.roughly √ D.foolishly
解析： roughly此处表示对待客人不礼貌，服务不到位。从前面的要不要道歉的讨论可以得出选C。 A.manners √ B.excuses C.efforts D.roles
解析： bad manners意为“不礼貌的行为”，从“treat roughly”这一信息可以推出选A。 A.active B.effective √ C.extra D.easy
解析： 联系上文，讲到了成功道歉的特征，此处effective与successful有异曲同工之妙。故选B。 A.raise B.perform C.admit D.bear √
解析： bear the responsibility意为“承担责任”，属于习惯搭配。故选D。 A.situation B.need C.sign D.room √
解析： leave no room for意为“不留余地”为固定搭配。故选D。 A.advise B.forgive √ C.warn D.blame
解析： 经常找借口，那么也就会不留余地地让别人来“原谅”自己。故选B。 A.wiser B.warmer C.better √ D.cleverer
解析： better表示“心情更舒畅”。未找借口的道歉，即真诚的道歉，对方的感觉一定很好。故选C。 A.purpose √ B.method C.end D.advantage
解析： 道歉的最终“目的”是化干戈为玉帛，大家和好如初，所以用purpose。end表示“目的”时用复数较多，而且不及purpose直接。故选A。 A.cares B.matters √ C.depends D.remains
解析： 道歉者是全部还是部分承担责任这些都不太重要：关键是为所作所为主动负责，这也能促使别人承担其相应的责任。根据语境，选B。 A.facts B.states C.rights
D.actions √
解析： 根据行文逻辑应该是对自己的“行动”负责。answer for在此意为“对……负责”。
三、Ⅲ．阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00) 四、A(总题数：1，分数：8.00)
In the late 1960s, many people in North America turned their attention to environmental problems, and new steel-and-glass skyscrapers were widely criticized. Ecologists pointed out that a cluster of tall buildings in a city often overburdens public transportation and parking lot capacities. Skyscrapers are also lavish consumers, and wasters, of electric power. In one recent year, the addition of 17 million square feet of skyscraper office space in New York City raised the peak daily demand for electricity by 120,000 kilowatts—enough to supply the entire city of Albany, New York, for a day.
Glass-walled skyscrapers can be especially wasteful. The heat loss (or gain) through a wall of half-inch plate glass is more than ten times that through a typical masonry wall filled with insulation board. To lessen the strain on heating and air-conditioning equipment, builders of skyscrapers have begun to use double-glazed panels of glass, and reflective glasses coated with silver or gold mirror films that reduce glare as well as heat gain. However, mirror-walled skyscrapers raise the temperature of the surrounding air and affect neighboring buildings. Skyscrapers put a severe strain on a city\"s sanitation facilities, too. If fully occupied, the two World Trade Center towers in New York City would alone generate 2.25 million gallons of raw sewage each year—as much as a city the size of Stamford, Connecticut, which has a population of more than 109,000.
Skyscrapers also interfere with television reception, block bird flyways, and obstruct air traffic. In Boston in the late 1960s, some people even feared that shadows from skyscrapers would kill the grass on Boston Common.
Still, people continue to build skyscrapers for all the reasons that they have always built them—personal ambition, civic pride, and the desire of owners to have the largest possible amount of rentable space.
(1).The main purpose of the passage is to ______.
A.discuss the advantages and disadvantages of skyscrapers B.compare skyscrapers with other modern structures
C.describe skyscrapers and their effect on the environment √ D.illustrate various architectural
解析： 主旨题。本篇短文的主要目的是描述摩天大楼以及摩天大楼对环境造成的影响。文章的第一段是主题段(topic sentence)。作者在这一段中首先从整体上提出了摩天大楼对环境造成的影响；然后在下面的几段中具体地从几个方面论述了对环境造成的影响。
(2).According to the passage, what is one disadvantage of skyscrapers that have mirrored walls? A.The exterior surrounding air is heated. √ B.The building materials are very expensive. C.Construction time is increased.
D.Extra air-conditioning equipment is needed.
解析： 细节理解题。文章的第三段最后一句谈到了这一点“However, minor-walled skyscrapers raise the temperature of the surrounding air and affect neighboring buildings.”即The exterior surrounding air is heated.(摩天大楼周围外表空气升高了。)
(3).According to the passage, which aspect of skyscrapers was some residents of Boston concerned with in the late 1960s?
A.The poor reception of radio and TV signals.
B.The removal of trees and grass from building sites. C.The harmful effects on the city\"s plants. √ D.The obstruction of air traffic.
解析： 细节理解题。文章倒数第二段的最后一句谈到了这一点“In Boston in the late 1960s, some people even feared that shadows from skyscrapers would kill the grass on Boston Common.”即波士顿有些居民害怕摩天大楼的反光会杀死青草，即他们担心摩天大楼会对城市的植物造成有害的影响。 (4).Which of the following groups would the skyscraper issue most concern? A.Electricians
B.Environmentalists √ C.City planners D.Television viewers
解析： 细节理解题。文章第一段第二句提到了这一点“Ecologists pointed out that a cluster of tall buildings in a city often overburdens public transportation and parking lot capacities.”这里ecologists(生态学者)实际上就是environmentalists(环境保护人士)。
五、B(总题数：1，分数：8.00)
Social change is more likely to occur in societies where there is a mixture of different kinds of people than in societies where people are similar in many ways. The simple reason for this is that there are more different ways of looking at things present in the first kind of society. There are more ideas, more disagreements in interest, and more groups and organizations with different beliefs. In addition, there is usually a greater worldly interest and greater tolerance in mixed societies. All these factors tend to promote social change by opening more areas of life to decision. In a society where people are quite similar in many ways, there are fewer occasions for people to see the need or the opportunity for change because everything seems to be the same. And although conditions may not be satisfactory, they are at least customary and undisputed. Within a society, social change is also likely to occur more frequently and more readily in the material aspects of the culture than in the non-material, for example, in technology rather than in values; in what has been learned later in life rather than what was learned early; in the less basic and less emotional aspects of society than in their opposites; in the simple elements rather than in the complex ones; in form rather than in substance; and in elements that are acceptable to the culture rather than in strange elements.
Furthermore, social change is easier if it is gradual. For example, it comes more readily in human relations on a continuous scale rather than one with sharp dichotomies. This is one reason why change has not come more quickly to Black Americans as compared to other American minorities, because of the sharp difference in appearance between them and their white counterparts. (1).The passage is mainly discussing ______.
A.certain factors that determine the ease with which social changes occur √ B.certain factors that promote social change C.the necessity of social change D.two different societies
解析： 此题考查全文主旨。全文共三段，根据每段的第一句“Social change is more likely to occur in societies...”，“Within a society, social change is also likely to occur more frequently and more readily in...”和“Furthermore, social change is easier if it is gradual.”可知，本文讲的不是哪些因素能推动社会变革，而是哪些因素使社会变革更容易发生，因此选A。 (2).One of the factors that tend to promote social change is ______. A.joint interest
B.different points of view √ C.less emotional people D.advanced technology
解析： 根据第一段“The simple reason for this is that there are more different ways of looking at things...There are more ideas...In addition, there is usually a greater worldly interest and greater tolerance in mixed societies...All these factors tend to promote social change”可知，有很多因素能推动社会变革，B项是其中一个因素。
(3).According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?
A.Social change tends to meet with more difficulty in basic and emotional aspects of society. B.Disagreement with and argument about conditions tend to slow down social change. √ C.Social change is more likely to occur in the material aspect of society.
D.Social change is less likely to occur in what people learned when they were young. 解析： 根据第二段“social change is also likely to occur more frequently and more readily in the material aspects...in what has been learned later in life rather than what was learned early...in the less basic and less emotional aspects of society than in their opposites”可知A、C、D项都正确，而由第一段前五句话可知，不同的观点以及对现状不满可以加速社会变革，因此B项错误。 (4).The expression \"greater tolerance\"(Para. 1) refers to ______. A.greater willingness to accept social change B.quicker adaptation to changing circumstances C.more respect for different beliefs and behavior √ D.greater readiness to agree to different opinions and ideas
解析： 由第一段以及常识可知，社会容忍度指的是对不同观点、信仰、行为等的尊重。故选C。
六、C(总题数：1，分数：8.00)
Success is often measured by the ability to overcome adversity. But, it is often the belief of others that gives us the courage to try.
J. K. Rowling, author of the Harry Potter book series, began writing at age 6. In her biography, she remembers with great fondness when her good friend, Sean, whom she met in secondary school, became the first person to encourage her and help build the confidence that one day she would be a very good writer.
\"He was the first person with whom I really discussed my serious ambition to be a writer. He was also the only person who thought I was bound to be a success at it, which meant much more to me than I ever told him at the time.\"
Despite many setbacks Rowling persevered in her writing, particularly fantasy stories. But it wasn\"t until 1990 that she first conceived the idea about Harry Potter. As she recalls, it was on a long train journey from London to Manchester that \"the idea of Harry Potter simply fell into my head. To my immense frustration, I didn\"t have a functioning pen with me, and I was too shy to ask anybody if I could borrow one. I think, now, that this was probably a good thing, because I simply sat and thought, for four(delayed train) hours, and all the details bubbled up in my brain, and this scrawny, black-haired, bespectacled boy who didn\"t know he was a wizard became more and more real to me.\"
That same year, her mother passed away after a ten-year battle with multiple sclerosis, which deeply affected her writing. She went on to marry and had a daughter, but separated from her husband shortly afterwards.
During this time, Rowling was diagnosed with clinical depression. Unemployed, she completed her first novel in area cafes, where she could get her daughter to fall asleep. After being rejected by 12 publishing houses, the first Harry Potter novel was sold to a small British publishing house. Now with seven books that have sold nearly 400 million copies in 64 languages, J. K. Rowling is the highest earning novelist in history. And it all began with her commitment to writing that was fostered by the confidence of a friend!
(1).Rowling first came up with the idea about Harry Potter ______. A.at the age of 6 B.on a train journey √ C.after her mother\"s death D.in her secondary school
解析： 根据文章第四段“As she recalls, it was on a long train journey from London to Manchester that \"the idea of Harry Potter simply fell into my head.\"可知，罗琳是在火车上产生了写《哈利波特》的想法。
(2).She felt frustrated on the train because ______. A.her train was delayed for four hours B.she didn\"t have a pen with her √ C.her mind suddenly went blank D.no one would offer her help
解析： 根据文章第四段“To my immense frustration, I didn\"t have a functioning pen with me.”可知，答案为B。
(3).It can be concluded from Paragraph 5 and 6 that Rowling is ______. A.open-minded B.warm-hearted C.good-natured D.strong-willed √
解析： 文章五六段介绍了罗琳的生活遭遇，尽管遇到挫折，她仍然意志坚强，故选D。 (4).The text mainly tells us ______. A.hardship makes a good novelist
B.the courage to try is a special ability C.you can have a wonderful idea everywhere D.encouragement contributes to one\"s success √
解析： 文章第一段和最后一段均点明了朋友的鼓励是罗琳坚持下去并取得成功的重要因素，故选D。
七、Ⅳ．翻译(总题数：1，分数：10.00)
1 Hunger of the mind can be actually satiated through extensive reading. Now why reading and not watching TV? Because reading has been the most educative tool used by us right from the childhood. Just like that to develop other aspects of our life, we have to take help of reading. 2 You have innumerable number of hooks in this world which will answer all your \"How to?\" _questions. Once you read a hook, you just don\"t run your eyes through the lines, but even your mind decodes it and explains it to you. 3 The interesting part of the book is stored in your mind as a seed. Now this seed is unknowingly used by you in your future to develop new ideas. 4 The same seed if used many times, can help you link and relate a lot of things, of which you would have never thought of in your wildest dreams! This is nothing but creativity. More the number of books you read, your mind will open up like never before. 5 Also this improves your oratory skills to a large extent and also makes a significant contribution to your vocabulary. Within no time you start speaking English or any language fluently with your friends or other people and you never seem to run out of the right words at the right time.
__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()
解析：事实上，思维的饥荒可以通过广泛的阅读来满足。
__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()
解析：世界上有无数书籍可以回答你“如何做”的问题。
__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()
解析：书中有趣的部分就会像种子一样贮存在你的脑海里。将来你会不自觉地运用这粒种子引发新的想法。 __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()
解析：多次运用这粒种子将有助于你把许多事情联系起来，即使你做梦都想不到这些!
__________________________________________________________________________________________
正确答案：()
解析：而且这还会大幅度地提高你的演讲能力、丰富你的词汇量。
八、Ⅴ．书面表达(总题数：1，分数：20.00)
11.请以“树立目标”为题，写一篇150字左右的英语作文。内容包括： (1)树立目标的重要性； (2)原因是……；
(3)如何设立和达到目标。 （分数：20.00）
__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：() 解析：[参考范文]
The Importance of Setting a Goal
There is no denying that setting a goal is very important. We find that successful people are always those having and achieving their goals. They set goals, short-term or long-run, to help realize their visions.
Why is goal-setting important? By setting goals you are taking control of the tempo of your life. It is like a map to guide you to where you want to head for. With a clear direction, and with certain plans, you will straightly get what you want. On the contrary, without a goal, you will live a wandering life. You do not know where to go, what you want and why you are listless. Then your life becomes dull and meaningless just like the dead water in a muddy lake.
From my point of view, goals are not difficult to set and realize. First, you should make clear what you really want, which constitutes your goals. Then you make detailed plans and follow them, as just many winners do.
九、Ⅵ．教学设计(总题数：1，分数：20.00)
12.请根据以下信息进行教学设计。 Grammar:
A. It is + adj. + that ... B. It is + adj. + to-infinitive
C. It is + adj. + for ... + to-infinitive Students: Grade 2, Junior School （分数：20.00）
__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()
解析：(1)Teaching objectives: ①Knowledge objectives
a. To use \"It is + adj. + that\" to say how one feels about sth.
b. To use \"It is + adj. + to-infinitive\" to describe actions and situations.
To use \"It is + adj. + for ... + to-infinitive\" to specify the person one is talking about. ②Ability objective:
Students can use \"It is + adj. + that ...\for... + to-infinitive\" in daily communication. ③Emotional objective:
Students can understand the differences between the Chinese language and English. (2)Teaching key points:
①To use \"It is +adj. + that\" to say how one feels about sth.
②To use \"It is + adj. + to-infinitive\" to describe actions and situations.
③To use \"It is + adj. + for ... + to-infinitive\" to specify the person one is talking about. (3)Teaching difficult points:
How to enable students to master the different uses of the following structures:
①It is + adj. + that ... ②It is + adj. + to-infinitive
③It is + adj. + for sb. + to-infinitive (4)Teaching procedures: Step 1 Leading-in
Teacher show students a beautiful place of interest and two sentences: It is interesting that there are so many beautiful flowers in the garden. It is cool to spend our holiday here.
Ask Ss to guess their meaning and pay attention to the sentence pattern. Step 2 Part A
①Tell Ss that we use the \"it is + adj. + that\" structure to say how we feel about something. ②Encourage them to ask questions if they are unsure of the meaning. ③Ask Ss to complete the exercises on their own.
④Ask some students to make some sentences using the adjectives and the given phrases. a. We can walk 100 kilometres in 45 hours. (possible)
b. There are so many different trees in the parks. (interesting) c. There was snow on one of the mountains. (surprising) d. Each team must raise at least HK$6,000. (important) e. So many people want to help others in need. (nice) Step 3 Part B
①Explain that the \"It is + adj. + to-infinitive\" structure is similar to the structure students learned in Part A except that here, the adjective describes an action or activity. ②Encourage Ss to ask questions if they are unsure of the meaning. ③Check that Ss have understood the structure. ④Ask Ss to make sentences using the given structure. It is difficult to ... It is easy to ... It is exciting to ... It is necessary to ... Step 4 Part C
①Explain that the structure in Part C is the same as the structure in Part B except that we insert \"for sb.\" between the adjective and the \"to-infinitive\" to indicate who we are talking about. ②Encourage Ss to ask questions if they are unsure of the meaning. ③Check that students have understood the structure. ④Ask Ss to make sentences using the given words. a. People should not go hiking alone. (dangerous)
b. Jimmy\"s team can raise over HK$6,000 for Charity. (possible) c. You can get very hot on the hike. (important / take lots of water) Step 5 Practice
Give Ss one topic—travel and ask them to make sentences in groups using the three sentence patterns. Then ask some Ss to report their sentences. Step 6 Summary and Homework Summary:
One student acts as an assistant teacher to guide all the students to summarize the new knowledge of this lesson. Homework:
①Finish the exercises.
②Write a short essay including the grammar. Step 7 Blackboard Design
①It is + adj. + that clause ②It is + adj. + to do sth.
③It is + adj. + for sb. + to do sth.
十、Ⅶ．教学案例分析(总题数：1，分数：16.00)
阅读下面材料，并完成材料后的问题。 材料1
Tom: Hello Alice. I\"m interested in your work saving birds! What do you think is the most difficult part of your work?
Alice: Well ... I suppose it\"s saving wild birds covered in oil. That\"s the most difficult of all.
Tom: How does that happen?
Alice: The oil comes from boats. It floats on the water and covers the bird\"s feathers when they swim through it.
Tom: That sounds terrible. What do you do about it?
Alice: The first thing we do is to make sure the bird hasn\"t tried to clean itself with its beak. As it does so, the bird eats some oil and becomes sick. Tom: Oh dear! Do the birds always die?
Alice: Sometimes ... but we try to save them. Birds use their feathers like a raincoat to keep out cold water. When feathers are covered in oil, they stick together and a bird\"s skin gets cold in the water. So without help the bird would die of cold! 材料2
Scientists have discovered that when chimpanzees have stomach pains, typically because of intestinal parasites, they look for a certain plant to eat, Lippea. It is common in the jungles where chimpanzees live, and it contains chemical substances effective against many parasites. Lippea is not the only natural medicine in the chimpanzees\" cabinet. They may actually use up to thirty different plants—for different problems. Interestingly, the local people make use of many of the same plants for medical purposes. It is almost certain that chimpanzees discovered these herbal remedies before humans.（分数：15.99） (1).这两份材料分别属于哪种语篇类型?（分数：5.33）
__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()
解析：语篇指的是实际使用的语言单位，是一次交际过程中的一系列连续的话段或句子所构成的语言整体。根据韩礼德的观点，语篇是一个语义单位或意义潜势的现实化，任何一个口头或书面语言片段，不论其长短，只要能构成一个语义整体，即表达完整的意思，就可以称之为语篇。语篇之所以重要，是由于它是交际过程中传递(口头或书面的)信息的语言形式。根据语篇的概念，第一篇属于会话语篇，第二篇属于段落语篇。
(2).这两份材料分别适合于哪种课堂教学?说明理由(至少写出两个要点)。（分数：5.33）
__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()
解析：第一篇适合口语教学，第二篇适合阅读教学。
理由：①第一篇语言比较简单，没有生僻词汇，句式偏向口语化，适合用于口语练习；第二篇语言偏向书面化，词汇相对较复杂，并且多了长难句，适合进行句子的分析，因此适合阅读教学。②第一篇偏向生活化，有生活气息，适合平时与人交际使用，英语口语的最终目的就是让学生达到沟通交流，因此会话语篇可以提供这样一个交流的环境。第二篇偏向说明性语言，是补充介绍知识的，因此可以作为阅读材料来使学生在知识层面得以丰富和提高，同时也加强了语言理解方面的训练。
(3).分析教师选用文本材料时需要考虑的基本要素(至少写出三个要点)。（分数：5.33）
__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()
解析：需要考虑的基本要素：
①教学内容要素
教学内容是要完成的教学任务，是实现教学目标的主要载体。因此教师在选择材料时，需将教科书作为主要依据。教材分析基本关注教学的重点、难点及考点方面，比较注重显性教材的运用而忽视隐性教材的挖掘和利用，较少关注与学习教材内容有密切关系的认知和心理因素，以及教材对学生能力的要求，而对教学的重点和难点也只是阐述其内容，没有做进一步的分析。在新课改背景下，教学内容分析既要求对显性教材的运用，也要求对隐性教材的挖掘和利用。 ②教学对象要素
学生是分析教学任务必须要考虑的因素，分析学生是为了帮助学生解决学习中的困难，完成教学任务。教师应该做到以下两点：一是要了解教学活动开始前学生在认知、情感、态度等方面已经达到了什么样的水平，这一水平标志着学生已经能做什么，说什么，想明白了什么等等(即学生的学情)。这是学生掌握新的学习任务的起点水平。二是要了解教授了教学材料后预期学生在认知、情感、态度等方面必须达到的状态。对这种状态的把握最终会转化为确定的教学任务与具体的学习目标。只有当教师的心中对教学前和教学后这两种状态的差距做到心中有数时，才能根据学生的实际情况，确定恰当的教学内容。 ③教学目标要素
教学目标是教育者在教学过程中，希望受教育者达到的要求或产生的变化结果，也是教师完成教学任务的归宿。新课程标准从关注学生的学习出发，强调学生是学习的主体，教学目标是教学活动中师生共同追求的，而不是由教师所操纵的。因此，教学目标的主体显然应该是学生。教师在选择教学材料的同时也要以学生为出发点，思考需要完成怎样的教学目标或达到怎样的教学效果。
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