专业英语八级模拟试卷559(题后含答案及解析)

专业英语八级模拟试卷559 (题后含答案及解析)

题型有：1. LISTENING COMPREHENSION 2. READING COMPREHENSION 3. GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 4. PROOFREADING & ERROR CORRECTION 5. TRANSLATION 6. WRITING

PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (35 MIN)

SECTION A MINI-LECTUREDirections: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking.

听力原文： Dealing with Life Abroad Today’s lecture is about how you should deal with the life abroad, that is, some tips for you to deal with cross-cultural problems. Each year, millions of people go abroad to work, study, or travel. It is a great way to find out what life is like in another part of the world. (1) People who go abroad are probably hoping to make new friends and learn about the culture in another country—everything from attitudes and beliefs to social customs and popular foods. But constantly having to deal with new situations can be frustrating, even stressful. Homesickness.stress.fear.and confusion are all symptoms of culture shock. It is a result of carrying out your everyday life in a way that you are not use to, as well as being far from familiar places and faces. At first you may feel like getting on the place and home. It is OK to have those feelings, but wait, hang in there! The following tips help you deal with new situations. No. 1,take time to adjust. You may feel frustrated that you have culture shock, especially since you probably spend so much time preparing for your trip. No matter how much information you get, or how well you speak the foreign language, it is natural to feel overwhelmed sometimes. Jet lag may also be a factor. If you are exhausted from travel as well as trying to adjust to a new time zone, you may not be ready to face a new environment. If you give yourself some time, things will gradually get easier. No. 2,do have an open mind. While it is certainly OK to feel frustration or confusion in your new surroundings,try not to form an opinion about the new culture too soon. You may be quick to judge the food,manners and communication styles and as a result,you may want to do things the way you are used to. If you have such kind of experience, your expectations as well as common cultural stereotypes will often be inaccurate. (4) Do not think of the host culture as better or worse. It is just different and you will be more willing to try new things. No. 3,get involved. This is obvious, but everyone needs to be reminded. Just watching life go on around you is not good enough. You really need to try things for yourself. Do not worry about making a mistake. People in your host country will be very understanding and willing to help if you have questions. If you

are unsure of what to do in a formal setting, follow others’ lead. (5) Active participation in conversation is important, especially if you want to become fluent in the local language—your effort will be appreciated. No.4,practise your language skills. Try to find a native speaker in your school or community, and ask him or her to meet with you to have conversation in his or her language. This is a great way to get experience with actual usage of the host language. (6) Take every opportunity to talk with native,and make a habit of going into places like a restaurant,shop or a bank. Successfully making a purchase or getting information in a foreign language will help you become more. As you become confident in this kind of public situations, you can try to engage others in a bit of casual, polite conversation. You will feel less frustrated about your language skills when you accomplish these routine kinds of activities. No. 5, try to find a foreign language TV station and watch often. At first the actor may seem to speak too quickly, but try to recognize a few words or phrases. Later it will be easier to follow dialogs. Pay attention to the patterns of pronunciation , and the way that the voice rises and falls when questions are asked and statements are made. (7) Children’s shows are great for learning and reviewing basic concepts such as alphabets, counting, object names and more. You can also gain some understanding of pop culture and lifestyles in the host country by watching advertisement and games shows. No.6,seek help and keep contact. Do not forget the contact information about the organizations and people that are to help you. Colleges and universities generally have offices that concentrate on the needs of international students and their families. People around you will be happy to help,and will have a lot of good advice since they’ve probably have other students with other issues in the past. You will not offend anyone, so be honest. Talking to people familiar to you always makes you feel better,and they can encourage you when you fell homesick. A good idea is to make a plan to call every week on the same day and at the same time. If you use e-mail while you are abroad,you will be able to keep in touch with lots of friends and your family very inexpensively. No. 7 .holiday advice. Some holiday have religious meanings. You may not share the religious beliefs of your hosts, but it is still OK to be a respectful observer. You might want attend the religious service,but not any of the prayers. Find out from your host what is acceptable. (9) Religious ceremonies can give you lots of insight into a culture, and your questions can lead to interesting conversations with your family and friends. Gift-giving is a part of holiday traditions. In that case, a small gift for each member of your family is appropriate. Gifts that have come from your native country would make an exciting and unusual gift. In today’s lecture, you are given seven pieces of useful advice on your life abroad. I believe if you follow these suggestions, you will be able to have a wonderful time abroad. Thanks for your attention!

Dealing with Life AbroadI. Culture shock of life abroad1) More and more people tend to go abroad —Go abroad to work,study or travel.—Find out what life is like in another part of theworld. —Make new friends. —Learn about the (1)_____in another country.2) Culture shock—(2)_____: homesickness, stress, fear, confusion.II. lips to help you deal with new situations.1) Take time to (3)_____2) Do have an open mind—Do not form an opinion too soon.—Do not think of the (4)_____as better or

worse.—It is just different and you will be more willing to try new things.3) Get involved—Try things for yourself.—Do not worry about making a mistake.—If you are unsure of what to do in a formal setting,follow others’ lead. —Active (5)_____in conversation is important.4) Practise your language skills—Try to find a native speak to have conversation.—Take every (6)_____to talk with the native.—Become more confident.—Try to engage others in a bit of casual, polite conversation.5) Try to find a foreign language TV station and watch often—At first try to recognize a few words or phrases.—Later pay attention to the patterns of pronunciation, and the way that the voice rises and falls.—Children’s shows are great for learning and reviewing basic (7)______.—Learn by watching ads and games shows.6) Seek help and keep contact—Do not forget the (8)_____information about theorganizations and people that are to help you.—Be honest.—Call back or email to your friends and family occasionally.7) Holiday advice—Be a respectful observer if you do not share the religious belief of the holiday.—Religious ceremonies can give you (9)_____intoa culture,and your questions can lead to interesting conversations with your family and friends.—(10)_____is a part of holiday traditions.

1．

正确答案：culture

解析：本题为细节题。原文讲到People who go abroad are probably hoping to make new friends and learn about the culture in another country．故填入culture。 知识模块：讲座

2．

正确答案：symptoms

解析：本题为要点题。此处讲到的是文化休克现象的特征：Homesickness，stress，fear and confusion are all symptoms of culture shock．因此答案为symptoms。 知识模块：讲座

3．

正确答案：adjust

解析：本题为要点题。此处考查在国外生活需要注意的第一个要点，N0．1．take time to adjust．要花时间适应国外的生活，故填入adjust。 知识模块：讲座

4．

正确答案：host culture

解析：本题为细节题。讲座提到Do not think of the host culture as better or worse．不要过早给当地的文化下定论，不要认为它更好或更坏。因此填入host

culture。 知识模块：讲座

5．

正确答案：participation

解析：本题为细节题。原文讲到Active participation in conversation is important，especially if you want to become fluent in the local language--your effort will be appreciated．即要积极地参与交谈，从而锻炼自己的外语。故答案为participation。 知识模块：讲座

6．

正确答案：opportunity／chance 解析：本题为细节题。原文讲到Take every opportunity to talk with native，and make a habit of going into places like a restaurant，shop or a bank．抓住一切机会和当地人交谈，故可填入opportunity或chance。 知识模块：讲座

7．

正确答案：concepts

解析：本题为细节题。此处讲到的是多看一些电视或广播节目，练习语言能力。 Children’s shows are great for learning and reviewing basic concepts such as alphabets，counting，object names and more．通过儿童剧可以了解语言的基本概念等，因此填入concepts。 知识模块：讲座

8．

正确答案：contact 解析：本题为细节题。此处讲到Do not forget the contact information about the organizations and people that are to help you．不要忘记给你提供帮助的组织或个人的联系方式。故答案为contact。 知识模块：讲座

9．

正确答案：insight

解析：本题为细节题。原文是Religious ceremonies can give you lots of insight into a culture，and your questions can lead to interesting conversations with your family and friends．通过参加一些宗教活动可以更深入地了解一个国家的文化，因此填人insight。 知识模块：讲座

10．

正确答案：Gift-giving 解析：本题为细节题。此处讲到的是送礼物的注意事项，Gift—giving is a part

of holiday traditions．In that case，a small gift for each member of your family is appropriate．Gifts that have come from your native country would make an exciting and unusual gift．送礼物是节日传统的一部分，来自本国的礼物显得尤为特别，故此处填入Gift-giving。 知识模块：讲座

SECTION B INTERVIEWDirections: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.Now listen to the interview.

听力原文： Adult EducationInterviewer: What type of people go to class at the adult education center?Principal: Well, there are three types really. The first type are the people who want to occupy their leisure time, people who just want to use their minds a bit more. They’re usually at work all day and come in the evening once or twice a week.Interviewer: It must be quite tiring for them to start studying again and after a day’s work!Principal: Yes, but it’s surprising how well most of them manage to attend regularly. And of course, apart from their interest in the course itself, it’s a good opportunity for them to make some new friends. The second type of people who come are those who left school without sitting for their exams and who find that qualifications are necessary to get a job or get promotion in the finn where they work. For these people, the content of the course must be interesting of course, but it’s above all the qualification at the end which matters.Interviewer: So you do “A” levels?Principal: Yes, and diplomas, but not in all the courses.Interviewer: And the third type?Principal: Well, it’s people who need to study vocational course of some kind.Interviewer: What do you mean by vocational?Principal: A vocational course means a training in a specific skill. The content of the course is directly related to a job of some kind. This means studying something like computers or law. If you study English Literature for example, you either do it for personal pleasure or for a qualification. You rarely do it for your job, unless of course you want to teach it. And even then you have to go to teacher training college.Interviewer: Do you need any qualifications to start a course?Principal: For the majority of course, none at all, as long as you’re interested in the subject. However, some “A” level or diploma courses require previous qualifications, but if you can prove that you’ ye some experience of the subject and need the course for your job, even this is not always necessary. You should ask the Head of Department about this.Interviewer: What about the length of the courses?Principal: They usually last from September to May or June. But it depends on the type of course. Often, if you’re not taking an exam, you can enroll for just a term to see if you like it or not.Interviewer: Is there any homework?Principal: Well, “A” level and diploma courses require some extra work at home and you must make sure that you’ll have the time to do this before you begin. It’s surprising how difficult it is to study seriously if you finished school several years ago. For other courses there’s no homework unless you want to do some.Interviewer: And the fees?Principal: Well, obviously, that depends on the length of the course, but for a full

year it’s between ￡10 and ￡25, with exam fees extra. But for unemployed people and old age pensioners, it’s very much less--about a pound.Interviewer: Not very expensive!Principal: No, and I think most of our students would say it’s very good value.

11． Who go to classes at the adult education center? A．Those who have more leisure time. B．Those who want to get diplomas. C．Those who want to get “A” levels. D．Those who have already left school.

正确答案：D

12． What’s the reason for the third type of people to attend classes? A．For personal pleasure and a qualification. B．For their interest in the course. C．In order to make new friends.

D．In order to study English Literature.

正确答案：A

13． What courses require previous qualifications? A．The academic courses. B．The vocational courses. C．A level or diploma courses. D．The majority of courses.

正确答案：C

14． How long do the courses usually last? A．5 or 6 months. B．9 or 10 months. C．One year.

D．One year and a half.

正确答案：B

15． Which of the following is NOT true according to the interviewer? A．Homework is compulsory for diploma courses.

B．It usually cost between ￡ 10 and ￡25 to take a course. C．The pensioners usually spend less money than others. D．Students can be recommended for jobs after training.

正确答案：D

SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTDirections: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.

听力原文： World leaders on Friday concluded an economic summit shaken by terrorism, offering a 50 billion US dollars aid package for Africa. At the end of the three-day gathering in Scotland, British Prime Minister Tony Blair said that they speak in the shadow of terrorism, but it will not obscure what they came here to achieve. With a last-minute pledge from Japan, Blair won a key victory, announcing that aid to Africa would rise from the current 25 billion US dollars annually to 50 billion by 2010.

16． What can we learn from the passage?

A．The decision was made in a world summit on fighting against terrorism. B．Africa will benefit a lot from this decision.

C．The decision was made by common consent of its member countries from the beginning.

D．Blair announced that aid to Africa would rise from 25 million US dollars annually to 50 million by 2010.

正确答案：B

PART II READING COMPREHENSION (30 MIN)Directions: In this section there are four reading passages followed by a total of 20 multiple-choice questions. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice.

Let’s Not Hide Health Costs We are awash in health-care proposals. President Bush has one. So does California Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger. Democratic Sen. Ron Wyden has a plan, as does a coalition led by Families USA (a liberal advocacy group) and America’s Health Insurance Plans (a trade group). To some extent, all these plans and others aim to provide insurance to the estimated 47 million Americans who lack it—a situation widely deplored as a national disgrace. But the real significance of all these proposals, I submit, lies elsewhere. For decades, Americans have treated health care as if it exists in a separate economic and political world: when people need care, they should get it; costs should remain out of sight. About 60 percent of Americans receive insurance through their employers; to most workers, the full costs are unknown. The 65-and-older population and many poor people receive government insurance. Except for modest Medicare premiums and payroll taxes, costs are largely buried in federal and state budgets. It is this

segregation of health care from everything else that is now crumbling—and the various health proposals are just one sign. We see others all the time. For example, even with employer-provided insurance, workers’ monthly premiums (which cover only part of the costs) have skyrocketed. From 1999 to 2006, they doubled from $129 to $248. Look at Massachusetts. Last year the then Gov. Mitt Romney made headlines by signing legislation to cover all the state’s uninsured. The law required that everyone with incomes three times the federal poverty line buy “affordable” insurance (people with incomes below that threshold would be subsidized on a sliding scale). Romney suggested annual premiums for a single worker might total $2,400. But when insurance companies recently provided real estimates, the cost was much higher: $4,560. Is it a sensible policy to force workers with a $30,000 income—about triple the poverty line— to spend nearly a sixth of their budget on health insurance, as opposed to food, rent or transportation? Good question. The hard questions won’t sit still, because health care (now a sixth of the economy, up from an 11th in 1980) is too big to be hidden. Myths abound. Contrary to conventional wisdom, the doubling of premiums for employer-provided coverage doesn’t mean companies shifted a greater share of costs to workers. In both 1999 and 2006, premiums covered 27 percent of costs, says Paul Fronstin of the Employee Benefit Research Institute. It’s simply the rapid rise in total health spending that’s depressed workers’ take-home pay. One myth about the uninsured is that, because they’re heavy users of emergency-room services, providing them with insurance (and regular care) would actually lower their costs. This may be true for some—but not most. The trouble is that the uninsured don’t really use emergency rooms heavily. A study on the journal Health Affairs finds that their use is similar to that of people with private insurance—and half that of people with Medicaid. The upshot is that extending insurance to all the uninsured would be costly, because they would get more and (presumably) better care. John Sheils of the Lewin Group estimates the annual cost of their care would rise 75 percent to $145 billion. Our health-care system will inevitably combine government regulation and private enterprise. But what should the mix be? Which patients, providers and technologies should be subsidized and why? How important is health care compared with other public and private goals? Will an expanding health-care sector spur the economy—or, through high taxes and insurance premiums, retard it? We have refused to have this debate for obvious reasons. A friend of mine recently had a near-death experience; he survived only because he had superb medical care. Debating health care makes us queasy, because it pits moral imperatives (including the right to live) against coldhearted economics. I don’t intend to examine—at least now—all the new proposals. Some would do better at some goals (say, protecting the poor) than at others (say, controlling costs). But the Bush proposal does have one huge virtue: it exposes health-care costs to the broad public. By not taxing employer-paid insurance, the government now provides a huge invisible subsidy to workers. Bush wouldn’t end the subsidy, but by modifying it with specific deductions for insurance ($15,000 for families, $7,500 for singles), he would force most workers to see the costs. By contrast, some other proposals disguise their costs. Schwarzenegger’s plan shifts costs to the federal government, doctors and hospitals.

It’s clever, but it perpetuates the illusion that health care is cheap—or even free. However our health system evolves—with more government control or more market influence—Americans need to come to a more realistic understanding of its limits. Underestimating its costs and exaggerating its benefits guarantees disappointment. If the present outpouring of proposals signals a start of our needed debate, then it is long overdue.

17． According to the author, the real significance of health proposals is ______. A．to solve health problems

B．to show that health care is cheap C．to provide insurance to the uninsured D．to treat health care in a realistic way

正确答案：D

解析：作者在第一段结尾说，健康提议的真正意义在于别处，并不是给未投保的人提供保险(B)。在最后一段，作者指出，应对卫生有一个现实的认识(D)。故D为正确答案。 知识模块：阅读

18． Which of the following is NOT a sign that shows the present situation of American’s health care?

A．The various health proposals. B．The various benefits it provides.

C．The Massachusetts law by Mitt Romney. D．The increase of workers’ monthly premiums.

正确答案：B 解析：由第三和第四段可知，各种各样的健康提议只是反映美国卫生的一个信号(A)，工人的月保费增长也是一个信号(D)，还有马萨诸塞州的情况(C)等等。故B为正确答案。 知识模块：阅读

19． The word “upshot” in paragraph six means ______. A．myth B．effect C．outcome

D．misunderstanding

正确答案：C 解析：第六段讲人们对未投保人的误区，认为未投保量使用急诊室服务，那么该误区的结果是给未投保人保险的代价是昂贵的。故C为正确答案。 知识模块：阅读

20． According to the passage, a big difference between the Bush proposal and the Schwarzenegger proposal is that ______.

A．the latter hides the health-care costs B．the former hides the health-care costs C．the latter does better at controlling costs D．the former does better at controlling costs

正确答案：A

解析：由第八段可知，布什提议与施瓦辛格提议的一个重要区别是，前者向人们揭示了健康的费用，使人们对该费用有一个清楚的认识，而后者虽然将费用转给了联邦、医生或医院，但却使人们对卫生保健产生幻想，认为其费用是低廉的。故A是正确答案。 知识模块：阅读

21． What can be inferred from the passage about health care in America? A．American health care is cheap.

B．The government can afford to pay health cost. C．Health care has become a problem to be heeded.

D．Health care is not so serious as to affect the economy.

正确答案：C 解析：从全文的分析可以得出如下结论，美国的卫生保健应引起人们的足够重视，而不是像人们想象的那样，费用低廉甚至是免费的。故C为正确答案。 知识模块：阅读

PART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN)Directions: There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question.

22． Which of the following is NOT the “primary” industries of national economies in England?

A．Agriculture. B．Fishing. C．Mining. D．Banking.

正确答案：D

解析：英国国民经济中的第一产业包括农业、渔业和采矿业等。银行业属于第三产业。 知识模块：英国概况概述

23． Many hundreds of rebels were put to death by______as he passed triumphantly with an army of 40,000 men through Kent and Essex.

A．King Henry II B．King Richard C．King John D．King Edward

正确答案：B 涉及知识点：英国国家概况

24． The capital of New Zealand is A．Christchurch. B．Auckland. C．Wellington. D．Hamilton.

正确答案：C 解析：Christchurch(克赖斯特彻奇)是新西兰南岛东岸港市；Auckland(奥克兰)是新西兰北岛西北岸港市，也是新西兰最大的城市；Hamilton(哈密尔顿)是新西兰第五大城市。新西兰的首都是Wellington(惠灵顿)。 知识模块：新西兰概况

25． ______is the study of the characteristics of language varieties, the characteristics of their functions and the characteristics of their speakers as these three constantly interact and change within a speech community.

A．Psycholinguistics B．Sociolinguistics

C．Anthropological linguistics D．Computational linguistics

正确答案：B 解析：Sociolinguistics(社会语言学)包括语言的社会功能和语言使用者的社会特 征，它研究语言变体的特征、它们的功能特征、语言使用者的特征以及这三者如何在言语团体中持续地相互作用和变化。[A]心理语言学；[C]人类语言学；[D]计算机语言学。 知识模块：语言和语言学

26． Instead of saying “The lion beat the unicorn all round the town.” they say “All around the town the lion beat the unicorn.” The change in linear order changes our perspective about the concerns of the clause. This is an example of ______ function of language.

A．metalingual B．bilingual C．multilingual D．trilingual

正确答案：A

解析：本题考查语言学家及其理论知识。语言学家雅克布逊(Jakobson)认为，语言首先是为了交流，交流的目不只是所指，还有说话者、听话者、语境、信息、语码、接触等言语行为的六大要素，与此相关，他还在交流系统的基础上建立了众所周知的语言功能的框架：所指功能(referential传达信息)、诗学功能(poetic完全就语言而语言)、感情功能(emotive表达态度、感觉和感情)、意动功能(conative通过命令和恳求去说服和影响他人)、交感功能(phatic与他人建立交流)、元语言功能(metalingual弄清意图、问语和意义)；其中“元语言功能”指的是语言可以用来讨论它自己。此题题干中提到的两句话中线性顺序的转变改变了我们理解句

子重点的角度，这就是语言的元语言功能。答案为[A]。

27． The “s” in the word “sounds” is a(n) A．inflectional affix. B．derivational affix. C．free morpheme. D．root.

正确答案：A

解析：本题考查语言学知识。词缀(affix)是附属在单词上或者单词元素上以修改词语意义和功能的结构。根据词缀的功能，可分为屈折词缀(inflectional affix)和派生词缀(derivational affix)。屈折词缀加在词干的后边，传递不同的语法关系或语法范畴，如数、时、格等，如sounds后面的s。派生词缀是加在其他语素上建立新词的词缀，如bloody后面的y。自由语素(free morpheme)是指本身具有完整意义并能作为简单词而单独使用的词素，如bookmark中的book。自由词素可以充当词根(root)加上词缀构成派生词(derivative)，如kind加前缀un变为unkind。

28． Semantic triangle is most closely related to______. A．the naming theory B．the conceptualist view C．conceptualism D．behaviorisms

正确答案：B

29． Buckingham Palace is ________’s present London home. A．parliament B．churchmen C．monarch

D．the prime minister

正确答案：C

30． According to statistics, ______ employer in Australia is the manufacturing industry.

A．the fourth largest B．the third largest C．the second largest D．the largest

正确答案：B

解析：据统计，澳大利亚第三大类雇主业为生产制造业。本题属于发展现状类问题。

31． The Grand Canyon, carved by the Colorado river, in northwestern ______ is one of nature’s most impressive sights.

A．Utah B．Arizona C．Nevada D．Oregon

正确答案：B

解析：尽管选项中的四个州都位于美国西部，但是The Grand Canyon大峡谷只位于Arizona州。因而答案为B。

PART IV PROOFREADING & ERROR CORRECTION (15 MIN)Directions: Proofread the given passage. The passage contains TEN errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correct it in the following way:(1)For a wrong word, underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the blank provided at the end of the line.(2)For a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with a “∧” sign and write t

Banks are closely concerned about the flow of money in to and out of the 【M1】______ economy. They often cooperate with governments by efforts to stabilize economies 【M2】______and to prevent inflation. They are specialists in the business of providing capital. Banks originated as places in which people took their valuables for safe- 【M3】______ keeping, but today the great banks of the world have many functions in addition to acting as guardians of valuable private possession. Banks normally receive money from their customers in two distinctive 【M4】______ forms: on current account, and on deposit account. With a current account, a customer can issue personal cheques. No interest is paid by the bank on this type of account. With a deposit account, therefore, the customer undertakes 【M5】______ to leave his money in the bank for a minimum specific period of time. Interest 【M6】______ is paid on this money. The bank in return lends the deposited money to customers who need 【M7】______ capital. This activity earns interest for the bank, and this interest is almost always at a higher rate than any interest which the bank provides to its 【M8】______ deposits. In this way the bank makes its profit. We can say that the primary function of a bank today is to act for an 【M9】______ intermediary between depositors who wish to make interest on their savings, and borrowers who wish to obtain capital. The bank is a reservoir of loanable money, with streams of money flowing in and out. For this reason, economists and financiers often talk of money being “liquid”, or of the “liquidity” of money. Many small sums which might not thus be used as 【M10】______ capital are tendered useful simply because the bank acts as a reservoir.

32． 【M1】

正确答案：about—改成with

解析：be concerned with表示“与……有关”之义。be concerned about意为“担忧，关心”

33． 【M2】

正确答案：by—改成in

解析：in efforts to do sth．意为“努力做某事”。

34． 【M3】

正确答案：in—改成to

解析：take sth．to some place的意义为“把某物带到某地”。

35． 【M4】

正确答案：distinctive—改成distinct

解析：distinctive意即“有区别性特征的”，与句意不符。distinct表示“不同的”之、义，符合句意要求。

36． 【M5】

正确答案：therefore—改成however

解析：上下文为转折关系，并非因果关系。

37． 【M6】

正确答案：specific—改成specified 解析：specific意为“具体的”，与句意不符。specified意即“指定的”。

38． 【M7】

正确答案：return—改成turn 解析：in return意为“回报”，不符合句意要求。in turn意即“依次，反过来”。

39． 【M8】

正确答案：provides—改成pays 解析：“支付利息”应为pay interest，而不是provide interest。

40． 【M9】

正确答案：for—改成as

解析：act for意即“代理”，与句意不符。act as表示“充当，作为”之义，符合句意要求。

41． 【M10】

正确答案：thus—改成otherwise

解析：上下文为假设关系，并非因果关系

PART V TRANSLATION (60 MIN)

SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISHDirections: Translate the following text into English.

42． 我一直以为大学校长是远瞩、指导学术与教育大方向的决策人，而不是管馒头稀饭的保姆，但这也暂且不提。这一类型的教育者的用心，毋庸置疑，当然是善意的。问题是，我们论“事”的时候，用心如何根本不重要，重要的是实际的后果，而教育的后果何其严重!在这种过度呵护的幼稚教育下成长的大学生，遇事时，除了“泪眼汪汪”之外又能做些什么呢? 教育者或许会说：这些学生如果进大学以前，就已经学好自治自律的话，我就不必要如此提之携之，喂之哺之；就是因为基础教育没教好，所以我办大学的人不得不教。虽然是亡羊补牢，总比不教好。

正确答案：Now I have always considered university presidents to be visionary policymakers who set the course of academic research and education rather than mere nannies in charge of feeding steamed bread and porridge to infants. But let’s put this aside for the moment. There is no doubt, of course, that this type of educator has very good intentions. The problem is, when we pass judgment on something, what matters is not intentions but tile actual consequences. And how serious the consequences of education are! Brought up in all educational system that pampers them like babies, what can you expect university students to do except “shed tears” when faced with an actual hardship or problem?

SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESEDirections: Translate the following text into Chinese.

43． Now the trumpet summons us again -- not as a call to bear arms, though arms we need; not as a call to battle, though embattled we are; but a call to bear the burdens of a long twilight struggle, year in, and year out, “rejoicing in hope, patient in tribulation” -- a struggle against the common enemies of man: tyranny, poverty, disease, and war itself. Can we forge against these enemies a grand and global alliance, North and South, East and West that can assure a more fruitful life for all mankind? Will you join in that historic effort? In the long history of the world, only a few generation have been granted the role of defending freedom in its hour of maximum danger. I do not shrink from this responsibility -- I welcome it. I do not

believe that any of us would exchange places with any other people or any other generation. The energy, the faith, the devotion which we bring to this endeavor will light our country and ail who serve it-- and the glow from that fire can truly light the world.

正确答案： 现在那号角又再度召唤我们——不是号召我们肩起武器，虽然武器是我们所需要的，不是号召我们去作战，虽然我们准备应战：那是号召我们年复一年肩负起持久和胜败未分的斗争，“在希望中欢乐，在患难中忍耐”；这是一场对抗人类公敌(、贫困、疾病以及战争本身)的斗争。 在世界的悠久历史中，只有很少几个世代的人赋有这种在自由遭遇最大危机时保卫自由的任务。我决不在这责任之前退缩，我欢迎它。我不相信我们中间会有人愿意跟别人及别的世代交换地位。我们在这场努力中所献出的精力，信念与虔诚，将照亮我们的国家以及所有为国

PART VI WRITING (45 MIN)Directions: Write a composition of about 400 words on the following topic.

44． According to statistics, women on the job market make, on average, 75 cents for every dollar men make for the equivalent jobs. The wage gap between men and women has been existed for long and will continue to exist. What is your opinion of the phenomenon? Write an essay of about 400 words entitled: Sexism at Job Market In the first part of your essay you should state your main argument, and in the second part you should support your argument with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or make a summary. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Write your essay on ANSWER SHEET FOUR.

正确答案： Sexism at Job Market The great principle of equality has been so thoroughly put into practice in China today. But in many places women are still denied the right to compete with men for jobs on equal terms and to receive equal payment at their jobs. Even though entry-level salaries for males and females in the same occupation are nearly equal because woman’s education and skills have improved vastly, the chances of the overall wage gap closing in the foreseeable future are minimal. This is due to several factors that are likely to change very slowly. An important reason is that women are concentrated in occupations—service and clerical—that pay less than traditional male jobs. Even in comparable jobs, it is possible that more women than men in their twenties are hesitant to commit themselves to the job that often demands overtime or traveling outside on business.Although great strides have been made in achieving greater equality for women in the past decades,their role in the family remains basically unchanged. The double burden of work inside and outside the homerenders them impossible to make full use of their talents and difficult to rise to position of leadership. Forexample, women often drop out at critical points in their careers to have a family. Women still

have the primary responsibility for child-rearing; even if they continue to work, they often forgo overtime and promotions that would conflict with home responsibilities. The ages of 25 to 35 have been shown repeatedly to be the period when working consistently and hard is vital to advancement and job security. These are precisely the years when women are likely to have children and begin to slide away from men in earning power, consequently, a woman’s income is more likely to be seen as secondary to her husband’s. Another significant factor in the wage gap between men and women is a lingering attitude on people’s mind that men are superior to women. Men’s resistance to women’s equality arises partly from their awareness that what the male does is no longer indispensable or frequently successful in all the fields you care to name and that men will be beaten in real competition. Taking into account all the relevant factors which affect and contribute to the current situation, we may safely conclude that we won’t make a dent in the attainment of women’s social status and their equal opportunities in every field, if they cannot be released from busy housework and men can not give them enough respect.