海淀区2021届高三第一学期期中考试英语试题及答案

海淀区2021届高三第一学期期中考试

英语试卷及答案

2020.11

本试卷共10页，100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题纸上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题纸一并交回。

第一部分：知识运用（共两节，25分）

第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。

Lesson Plan

It was just an ordinary day. There was the usual 1 as the children greeted each other. I looked over my plan book and I never felt better. It would be a good day and we would 2 a lot. After we settled in for our reading class, I started to check their workbooks.

When I came to Troy, he had his head down as he showed his unfinished 3 in front of me. He tried to pull himself back out of my sight as he sat on my right-hand side. 4,I looked at the incomplete work and said, “Troy, this is not finished.\"

He looked up at me with the most pleading eyes I have seen in a child and said, “I couldn't do it last night because my mother is dying.\" The sobs that followed 5 the entire class.

How 6 I was that he was sitting next to me. I took him in my arms and his head rested against my chest. His sobs echoed through the room and tears flowed. The children sat with tear-filled eyes in dead silence. Only Troy's sobs broke the stillness of that morning class. One child 7 for the tissue box while I just pressed his little body closer to my heart. What do I do for a child who is losing his mother? Choking back my tears, I said to the group, \"Let's pray for the recovery of his mother.\" And everyone did so.

After some time, Troy looked up at me and said, \"I think I will be okay now. \"He had exhausted his supply of tears; he released the 8 in his heart. Later that afternoon, Troy's mother died. When I went to the funeral(葬礼），Troy rushed to greet me. He fell into my arms and just rested there awhile. He seemed to gain strength and courage, and then he led me to the coffin.

There he was able to look into the face of his mother, to face 9 even though he might never be able to understand the mystery of it.

That night I went to bed feeling lucky for the good sense lo 10 my reading plan and to hold the broken heart of a child in my own heart.

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1. A. Embarrassment 2. A. accomplish 3. A. experiment 4. A. Gradually 5. A. frightened 6. A. glad

B. excitement B. demand

C. astonishment C. miss

D. disappointment

D. recall D. argument

D. Naturally

B. assignment B. Hopefully B. annoyed

C. document C. Accidentally C. shocked

D. impressed

B. surprised

B. raced B. power B. failure

C. proud

D. curious

D. waited

7. A. wished 8. A. desire

C. prepared

C. burden C. death

D. guilt

D. sorrow

D. set aside

9. A. difficulty 10. A. carry out

B. carry on C. set up

第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

A

Bulletproof coffee 11)_____(invent) in 2011 by Dave Asprey, an American businessman. He came up with the idea after visiting in 2004. Asprey noticed that people there were drinking their teas with yak butter. 12 _____Asprey tried a cup, he felt really good. So when he got back home, Asprey tried making his own recipe by adding grass-fed butter and coconut oil to his coffee. He discovered that it gave him energy and even helped him lose weight. Plus, it tasted pretty good. So, he decided to share his recipe 13______ the world.

B

Douban is a Chinese social networking platform whose users are mostly young people. Recently, a Douban discussion group 14______(name) “985 Loser Introduction Plan\" became popular, causing a heated discussion. Most of the group members are students or graduates from top universities in China, but they consider 15______(they) as losers for various reasons. By writing down their own life stories, they share their 16＿_____（suffer) and aim to improve their situations by learning from each other 's experiences.

C

Keeping a travel journal is one of the best 17______(way) to keep the memory of a trip alive. Going back and reading your own words 18_______(describe) a day in a foreign country makes you realize how easy it is to forget little details. For people who are not used to writing on a daily basis, keeping a travel journal doesn't have to be hard. It 19______(require) only a small effort. I usually spare 15 to 20 minutes at night before going to sleep,20_______forces me to be concise (简洁的） and efficient.

第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）

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阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。

A

At age 12,Keegan Sobilo of New Baltimore carefully tucks his legs and arms into a fire suit, pulls on a helmet and climbs into a race car that exceeds 80 mph. He has been doing this since age 8.

“ At first, I was scared to death. I was like, 'Let's do bowling or swimming. ' It's still very scary. But he knows what he's doing. Your heart goes out on that track every time he goes out there,\" said his mother Hillary Sobilo.

＂The sixth-grader always wears pajamas to the track every night and takes them off when he puts his race clothes on. He's been doing that for the last four years. That's his trademark,” said Tim Phillips, his crew chief. The first time he wore his train pajamas to the track, Keegan went from last place to ninth place. He decided they brought luck. Since then, he has won a series of championships.

Passion for cars runs in the family. Keegan's father is a design mechanic at Fiat Chrysler Automobiles. He knows what it means to have seats and roll cages built to fit his son's body. \"What I see in Keegan is passion, like how I feel about car restoration. But for him, everything has to align itself. I tell my son you have to be the perfect package. Winning races every weekend is not the only key. More importantly, you have to have the right name, you have to look the correct way, speak the correct way, and act the correct way. Then the rest of it is really luck, like the stock market. If you don't put yourself out there, you'll never hit it big.\"

While Keegan's classmates play basketball and volleyball, Keegan is at the Birch Run track-practicing, qualifying and racing until 10 p.m. or 2 a.m. While many children spend time playing video games, Keegan runs race simulation training with his joystick after school.

＂The kid is cool. It was like having a grandson. We showed respect to each other. And he takes it very seriously,\" said competitor Mike Todd,69,of Galesburg, Michigan. \"He's an older soul in a young man's body. I'd like to see him make it big. He's got the willpower.\" 21. Keegan enjoys ______

A. swimming B. racing cars C. bowling D. playing games

22. According to the passage., what does Keegan's father value most?

A. Victory. B. Safety.

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C. Good qualities. D. Real luck.

23.It can be learned from the passage that

A. Keegan spends a lot of time practicing B. the train pajamas bring Keegan success C.Keegan's mother worries about his studies D. Keegan picked up the hobby at the age of 4

B

You're never too young to make an impact on your community.

Members of Gen Z are exceptionally creative, cause-oriented, and hyper-aware of the world around them, making them perfectly ready to help handle the world's problems through volunteering.

If you want to make a difference in your community, be a part of something bigger than yourself, or just need to earn some required volunteer hours, then this is the place to start. Here are a few organizations of Gen Z with volunteer opportunities for teens! Habitat for Humanity

Everyone deserves to have a place they call home. By volunteering with Habitat for Humanity, you can play a role in building up your community. Their Habitat Youth Programs accept volunteers between the ages of 5 and 40 for everything from home construction to affordable housing advocacy. Meals on Wheels

For those teens who just got their licenses and love any reason to get behind the wheel, here's a volunteer opportunity that 'll make driving worthwhile. Meals on Wheels is on a mission to meet the nutritional and social needs of seniors. 225 million meals have been delivered so far-connect with your local provider to find out how you can get involved. Key Club

As the oldest service program for high schoolers, the Key Club has quite a history of helping teens get involved in volunteering. Because clubs are student-led, you get a direct say in the kinds of service projects you want to do.Chances are, there's already a chapter in your school, but if not, you can try taking the lead in one. Best Buddies

Volunteer with Best Buddies to help end the social, physical, and economic isolation of 200 million people with intellectual and developmental disabilities-and you'll make some new pals in the process! Join a school chapter (or start your own) to use friendship as a tool for inclusivity in your community.

And don't worry. Even if you can't volunteer physically, there are also tons of online volunteer Opportunities available! Find out more about joining a worthwhile volunteer organizations at www.Gen Z.org. 24. If you want to help people with disabilities, yon can join

A. Habitat for Humanity B. Meals on Wheels

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C. Key Club D. Best Buddies

25. Teens with a driving license can volunteer to

A. send meals to the elderly B. make nutritional meals C. drive the seniors around D. teach the seniors to drive

26. What, does the underlined word “chapter\" mean in the passage?

A. A part of a book. B. A branch of a club. C. A period of life. D. An office on campus. 27. The author writes this passage to.

A. get more people to volunteer B. teach teens to be more creative C. promote awareness of world affairs D. instruct teens to earn volunteer hours

C

We are fortunate to live in a city that encourages bicycling as a means of transportation. Our local government has promoted bicycling by improving bike lanes and increasing the number of them. The growing number of cyclists, however, brings this question to mind: should bicyclists be required to share the responsibilities of the road? Automobile drivers have to take competency tests, follow established regulations, and accept punishment for breaking rules. The city requests drivers to register and license their vehicles to ensure accountability (责任）。 Bicyclists who use public roadways should be held accountable, too.

Let's look at what sharing the road means. For one thing, it should involve cost sharing. Auto

registration and license fees are used, in part, for building and maintaining roadways. It seems only reasonable to ask bicyclists to contribute to transportation funding as well.

More importantly, sharing the road includes accountability. When drivers ignore the rules of the road, the police and other motorists have the opportunity to identify them by their license plate number and report their offenses (违法行为）。 This isn't true for bicyclists. I've seen bicyclists moving quickly between lanes. Because they show no identification, they feel protected by anonymity(匿名）。What good would it do to report to the police “I saw a guy on a red bike blow through the stoplight\"? The simple act of making bicyclists identifiable would encourage safer, more responsible riding.

Of course, I've heard arguments against asking cyclists to register and license their bikes. Some people might say, “Little kids ride bikes. Would you require a six-year-old rider to take a test and pay a fee?\" Obviously, the city could determine an age when cycling would be considered a \"means of transportation on public roads.\" Other people argue that

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bicycle fees are unfair because bikes don't damage the roadways as cars do. Bicycle registration fees could be comparatively modest, and the method for displaying a license number could be simple.

Many U.S. cities and towns now implement bike registration and licensing. A statute(法规）from one. California town states that the laws regulating bicycles have a dual purpose, antitheft and safety. I'm eager to see more bicyclists on the road, and I'm hoping for riders who take their responsibilities seriously. 28. To advocate responsible cycling, the author suggests

A. increasing the number of bike lanes B. giving competency tests to all cyclists C. identifying cyclists through registration D. reporting cycling offenses more frequently 29. What is the author's purpose in writing Paragraph 4?

A. To explain how bicycle registration and licensing work. B. To provide solutions to reduce irresponsible cycling of kids. C. To respond to people's doubts about holding cyclists accountable. D. To argue against requiring cyclists to register and license their bicycles. 30. What argumentative methods are used in this article?

① Using examples ② Quoting professionals ③ Comparing and contrasting ④ Appealing to readers' emotions A. ①② B. ②④ C. ③④ D.①③

31. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?

A. Should we encourage more cycling in the city? B. Should cyclists register and license their bikes? C. What does \"sharing the road\" mean to cyclists? D. How can road safety be guaranteed for cyclists?

D Alzheimer's AI

An estimated 5.7 million people in the U.S. have Alzheimer's disease-the most common type of dementia(痴呆）－and

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that number is expected to more than double by 2050. Early diagnosis is crucial for patients to benefit from the few therapies available. But no scans can deliver a conclusive diagnosis while a person is alive; instead doctors have to conduct numerous and complicated clinical and neuropsychological tests. So there is growing interest in developing artificial intelligence to identify Alzheimer's based on brain imaging.

Researchers at the University of California, San Francisco, have now successfully trained an AI algorithm(算法） to recognize one of the early signs of Alzheimer's-a reduction in the brain's glucose（葡萄糖）consumption-in positron emission tomography (PET) imaging.

The algorithm accurately predicted an eventual Alzheimer's diagnosis in nearly all the test cases, according to the study. In PET imaging, a very small amount of a radioactive compound are injected into the body, producing three-dimensional images of metabolism(新陈代谢）。circulation and other cellular activities. PET is well suited for an AI diagnostic tool because Alzheimer's leads to subtle changes in the brain's metabolism that begin years before neural(神经的） tissue starts to go downhill, says study co-author Jae Ho Sohn, a radiologist at UCSF. These changes are \"very hard for radiologists to pick up,\" he notes.

The algorithm was trained and tested on 2,100 PET brain images from about 1,000 people 55 years and older. The images came from a 12-year study that tracked people who would ultimately be diagnosed with Alzheimer's, as well as those with mild memory declines and healthy control participants. The algorithm was trained on 90 percent of the data and tested on the remaining 10 percent. It was then retested on a second, independent data set from 40 patients monitored for 10 years. The algorithm was highly sensitive and was able to recognize 81 percent of the patients in the first test group and 100 percent in the second who would be diagnosed with Alzheimer's six years later, on average. The findings were published in February in Radiology.

The algorithm is based on \"deep learning ,a machine-learning technique that uses artificial neural networks programmed to learn from examples. \"This is one of the first promising, preliminary(初步的） applications of deep learning to the diagnosis of Alzheimer's,\" says Christian Salvatore, a physicist at Italy's National Research Council, who was not involved in the study. “The model performs very well when identifying patients with mild or late diagnoses\catching it in the earliest stages remains one of the most critical open issues in this field.\" 32.·People are increasingly interested in using AI to identify Alzheimer's because

A. the number of people suffering from dementia is more than doubling B. diagnostic methods that are both reliable and convenient are in need C. there are only a limited number of effective therapies for the patients D. diagnosing Alzheimer's disease through AI is still an unexplored area 33. What can we learn about PET imaging?

A. It recognizes the worsening of the neural tissue. B. It reduces the glucose consumption in the brain. C. It changes the pattern of the brain's metabolism. D. It photographs various kinds of cellular activities. 34. According to Paragraph 4,___________.

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A. 90% of the people in the study were trained on the algorithm B. the participants in the study consist of people both young and old C. 81% of the people in the first test group were diagnosed with Alzheimer's D. the algorithm managed to recognize all the patients in the second test group 35. What can be inferred from Paragraph 5?

A. The algorithm serves as a promising treatment of Alzheimer's. B. Deep learning has been widely applied in diagnosing Alzheimer's. C. To detect Alzheimer's in its earliest stages calls for more exploration. D. Whether to use the model to detect Alzheimer's remains a critical issue. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Is Managing Kids' Screen Time a Good Idea?

Screen time is a big topic of conversation in today's households, particularly during the pandemic when online education hours have multiplied for many students.36They hope to spare their kids from the countless challenges that technology can bring. Yet the challenges of screen time overuse seldom come from kids' devices themselves, but rather from the tense relationships that technology can bring to families.37But technology has positive benefits too. Since every child and family is different, managing screen time calls for joint family decision-making.

If parents believe they can manage a child's screen time through adolescence, they are not only fooling themselves but also inviting relationship trouble with their teens. It is a myth to think that parents can or should manage their kids' screen time through authoritarian restrictions, even during elementary school. 38 When children are left out of those decisions, they often become less communicative with parents and siblings. This is the opposite of what parents want to achieve.

39 From early ages, children are quite capable of understanding that a good life involves awareness and balance. Just as they learn right from wrong, and good from bad, they can also learn to use technology in healthy ways. Learning how to regulate oneself and develop healthy behaviors is one of the primary tasks of childhood and adolescence. What happens when an adult tries to regulate a child is that the child misses out on the opportunity to learn for themselves. Enforced restrictions can also make children feel helpless and less confident.

To be clear, this article is not suggesting that families never use apps or trackers, or that there should be no restrictions on screen time.40Parents should give voice to children and involve them in the planning and decision-making process. A. Of course, there are websites that are unhealthy for kids to access. B. The alternative is to involve children in decisions that govern screen time. C. However, every family needs a family media plan between family members. D. The goal is to see, hear, feel, and understand how children view screen time. E. To manage children's screen time, parents have invested in apps and trackers. F. To get children involved, parents should trust and develop kids' self-awareness. G. What it is suggesting is that parents look at managing screen time in a different way.

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第三部分：书面表达（共两节，35分）

第一节 阅读表达（共5小题；共15分）

阅读短文，按照题日要求用英语回答问题。

I started drawing houses at six. Unlike most girls, my dream was to build a backyard clubhouse- a dream that was unrealistic given that we lived in an apartment. By high school I continued drawing and my dreams broadened-to become an architect. My older brother told me that look a university education. But my family couldn't afford that kind of elucidation. Still. I fanned the flame of hope.

I got a part-time job at Bayside Bowl and started saving money. My bank account, however, was growing quite slowly. When I looked at college catalogs, I couldn't imagine how I would ever get there. I decided Io shrink (缩小） my dreams lo a more realistic size.

Soon after that, a newcomer started frequenting Bayside Bowl. She arrived alone. and always carried a pink bag with a ball inside. Her dark, wrinkled skin and curly gray hair made her stand out among our younger customers. She talked to me whenever I cleaned near her lane. I learned her name was Bessie. She had been a singer for as long as she could remember. In her 20s she had tried to get a job as a restaurant singer. “I was a young black woman, and in the early 1950s doors didn't exactly open wide for me. Zilch!” she said.

I admired her ability to pick up a split, hut I also appreciated her advice. \"Life's like bowling.\" she would say. \"Set your eyes on your target and follow through.\" Indeed, Bessie hadn't let the \"zilches\" stop her. She had saved up and enrolled in the Brightwood Music Academy. It turned out this lady with the pink bowling bag was the Bessie Richards, a recording artist of the 1960s.

Bessie moved on to live with her sister, but before leaving, she left me with a S50 tip for helping her at the lanes, a reminder to ignore the “zilches” in my life, and some lines of poetry she had copied from a book. Bessie said, \"Read this when the going seems tough. It'll help you follow through and reach for your goal.\" These are the lines:

Hold fast to dreams For if dreams die

Life is a broken-winged bird That cannot fly. Hold fast lo dreams For when dreams go Life is a barren field Frozen with snow.

A year has passed since I last bowled with Bessie, and I've resumed my drawing. I'm working and saving money, taking drafting classes, and applying for internships(实习）．Whenever I'm discouraged,1 reread those lines of poetry.

There 'll be no barren field of frozen snow nor zilches for me. Inspired by Bessie and the poem, I plan to continue to dream.

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41. What was the author's dream when she was in high school?(2分） 42. Why did the author shrink her dream to a realistic size?(2分）

43. How do you understand the underlined sentence \"Life is like bowling”？（3分） 44. Describe one of Bessie' s characteristics and explain why.(3分）

45. Who is the \"Bessie\" in your life? How does he or she help you to pursue your dream?(5分） 第二节（20分）

假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。为了减少舌尖上的浪费，你校英语俱乐部拟举办有关“爱惜食物，从我做起”的英语演讲活动。请你写一篇演讲稿，内容包括： 1. 食物浪费的现象及危害； 2. 你爱惜食物的做法； 3.你的倡议。

注意：1..词数不少于80;

2..开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Good morning, everyone. That's all. Thank you for listening.

（请务必将作文写在答题纸指定区域内）

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参

第一部分 知识运用

第一节 完形填空

1. B 2. A 3. B 4. D 5. C 6. A 7. B 8. C 9. C 10. D 第二节 语法填空

11. was invented 12. When/As/After 13. with 14. named 15. themselves 16. suffering(s) 17. ways 18. describing 19. requires 20. which

第二部分 阅读理解

第一节

21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. C 30. D 31. B 32. B 33. D 34. D 35. C 第二节

36. E 37. A 38. B 39. F 40. G

第三部分 书面表达

第一节

41. To become an architect. / Becoming an architect.

42. Because her family/she couldn’t afford a university education.

43. Just like playing bowling, we need to set our eyes on the target in life and follow through. 44. She is/was inspiring because she encouraged the author to pursue her dream. She is/was determined /brave /persistent because she strove for her goal.

She is/was generous because she left the author a tip of $50 for helping her at the lanes. 45.

Possible version 1:

My mom is the “Bessie” in my life. When I was 9, I started playing the piano, but as I didn’t make much progress, I considered quitting. It was my mom who encouraged me to continue and thanks to her, now I can play very well and I enjoy playing it. Possible version 2:

My mom is the “Bessie” in my life. Much like Bessie, she encourages me to face challenges even though my dream seems far out of reach, and she always supports me with her wisdom and love. Without her, I would never be the committed, resilient and confident person I am today. 第二节

One possible version:

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Hello, everyone. It’s my great honor to be here and give a speech on saving food.

Speaking of food, there are two ugly truths. First, a huge amount of food is wasted every year. Millions of tons of cooked and served food ends up in trash cans. Second, primary and secondary school students are among the top three food wasters.

At present, China is still heavily dependent on the import of certain grains, and wasting food will make our efforts to be self-sufficient in vain. Moreover, wasting food also means wasting resources like water, land and energy. Therefore, it will damage the environment in the long run.

Realizing the severe consequences of wasting food, I’ve been doing my bit to save food. At the school cafeteria, I ask for half-size servings when I’m not hungry. When dining out in restaurants with family or friends, I propose ordering smaller portions and taking the leftovers home. At home, I check the fridge before making shopping plans to avoid buying more food than we actually need.

Saving food benefits every one of us. Let’s clean our plates today so that we can have enough for tomorrow. That’s all. Thank you for listening.

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