2021北京东城高二(下)期末英语(教师版)

英 语

考生须知：1.本试卷满分100分。

2.在试卷和答题卡上准确填写学校、班级、姓名和学号。 3.试题答案一律填写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。

4.在答题卡上，选择题须用2B铅笔将选中项涂黑涂满，其他试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。 5.考试结束时，将本试卷、答题卡一并交回。

第一部分:知识运用(共两节，25分)

第一节 完形填空(共10小题每小题1.5分，共5分)

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

It was a cold March day in High Point, North Carolina. The girls on the Wesleyan Academy softball team were waiting for their next turns at bat during 1 . Eighth grader Taylor Bisbee stamped her feet to stay warm as she watched her teammate Paris White play. The two didn’t know each other well----Taylor had just moved to town a month or so before.

Suddenly, Paris fell to the ground, “Paris’s eyes rolled back.” Taylor says, “She started shaking. I knew it was a(n) 2 .” It certainly was. Paris had suffered a sudden heart failure. Without 3 medical care, Paris would die. At first, no one moved. The girls were 4 . Then the softball coach shouted out, “ Does anyone know CPR?”

5 , Taylor had just taken a CPR course the day before. Still, she hesitated. She didn’t think she knew it well enough. But when no one else came forward, Taylor ran to Paris and began doing CPR. “It was scary. I knew it was the 6 between life and death,” says Taylor.

Taylor’s swift action helped her teammates 7 . One girl called 911. Two more ran to get the school nurse, who brought a device (器械)that can shock the heart back into work. Luck 8 with them: Paris’s heartbeat returned.

“I know I was really lucky,” Paris says now. “Most people don’t 9 this. My team saved my life.”

Today, Paris is 10 on the softball team. Taylor will apply to college soon. She wants to be a nurse. “I feel more confident in my actions now,” Taylor says, “ I know I can act under pressure in a scary situation.” 1. A. celebration 2. A. situation 3. A. unusual

B. service B. action B. personal B. in relief B. Obviously B. difference

C. experiment C. training

D. practice D. emergency D. mental D. in excitement D. Amazingly D. connection D. stand out D. joined

C. immediate C. in amazement C. Undoubtedly C. experience C. give in C. stayed.

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4. A. in shock 5. A. Unfortunately 6. A. impression 7. A. set out

B. calm down B. began

8. A. knocked

9. A. survive 10. A. out

B. promise B. over

C. accept C. back

D. realize D. through

第二节 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）

阅读下列短文，根据文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

A

An destination to the South Pole with the great Sir Ernest Shackleton---this is the adventure 11 . I have been dreaming of. And I was ready for it. At the age of 19, I am fit and full of vigour. However, when I applied to join the expedition, Shackleton turned me down 12 he thought I was too young and wasn’t qualified. But I was so enthusiastic about the idea of going along with them that I 13 (secret) went aboard his ship, the Endurance, and hid in a small cupboard. Unfortunately, three days after we set off I was discovered. Shackleton did not want to turn back so he offered me a job.

B

During the Middle Ages, the purpose of Western art was 14 to (teach) people about Christianity. Thus, artists were not interested in painting realistic scenes. Their works were often primitive and two-dimensional, and the main characters 15 (make) much larger than everyone else to show their importance. This began to change in the 13th century with Giotto di Bondone (1267-1337). While his paintings still had religious themes, they showed real people in a real environment. In particular, his 16 (painting) are set apart from other paintings by their realistic human faces and deep emotional impact.

C

Then what is causing the increase in the global average surface temperature? Climate scientists often mention a key climate process 17 (call) the “greenhouse effect”, which has two common meanings: the “natural” greenhouse effect and the \"man- made\" greenhouse effect. The \"natural\" greenhouse effect 18 (refer)to the fact that heat from the sun enters the atmosphere and warms Earth’s surface as short-wave radiation. The heat is released back into space at longer wave lengths, Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, such as methane carbon dioxide, trap some of the heat, 19 keep Earth’s climate warm and habitable.

20 this process, Earth could not sustain life. However, the \"man-made\" greenhouse effect has now become a big problem.

第二部分:阅读理解(共两节，38分)

第一节(共4小题每小题2分，共28分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

Snorkeling with Seals in Nanaimo

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※Location: Vancouver ※Duration: 6 hours

On this trip, you’ll have an incredible opportunity to interact with seals. Fly from Vancouver Harbor for a quick boat ride to Snake Island, where you’ll jump into the water to snorkel with seals and other sea animals on this unique adventure. ※ Highlights:

Take a seaplane ride Swim with seals in the sea

See other animals such as bald eagles and geese Vancouver Kayaking Tour ※Location. Vancouver ※ Duration: about 2 hours

Searching for a unique outdoor experience while in Vancouver? Discover the beauty of Vancouver’s city skyline and amazing shoreline on a family-friendly kayaking tour. Spend 2 hours winding and getting friendly with resident ducks and kingfishers. With an expert guide, earn kayaking technique and enjoy a city sightseeing tour. ※Highlights:

Kayaking tour of False Creek

Spot animals, including geese and kingfishers

Learn about the history and the city’s newest development Quebec Ski-shoeing Excursion ※Location: Quebec City ※Duration: 4 hours

Discover the winter beauty of Canada on this 4-hour ski-shoeing hike. Ski-shoeing, a mix of cross country skiing and snowshoeing provides low impact exercise with peaceful forest landscapes. With hiking poles in hand, follow a guide onto snowy trails and learn about the Quebec woods. Warm up with hot chocolate, stop for breaks, and keep watch for wildlife in the area. ※ Highlights:

Enjoy a combination of cross country skiing and snowshoeing Snap unique photos of the Quebec forests and wildlife

Great Slave Lake Ice Fishing Tours ※Location: Yellowknife ※Duration: Flexible

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Enjoy an arctic experience of ice fishing on one of the largest lakes in Canada. Join your guide on an ice fishing adventure on Great Slave Lake, set in the most spectacular winter landscapes of Yellowknife, Your tour starts with hotel pickup. Afterwards, drive on the ice road to ice fishing locations. A safety demonstration of proper use of equipment follows. Choose between two tour options. Experience ice fishing at its best in a comfortable heated ice-fishing building. A light fish lunch provided afterwards. ※Highlights:

Family friendly small group ensures personal service

1. Which trip can give people a chance to learn about the history of the area? A. Vancouver Kayaking Tour. C. Quebec Ski-shoeing Excursion.

B. Snorkeling with Seals in Nanaimo D. Great Slave Lake Ice Fishing Tours

2. For a family with plant-loving kids, they can choose to go to___________. A. Quebec C. Snake Island

B. Vancouver D. Yellow knife

3. All these tours provide Canadians with chances to___________. A. travel abroad

B get refreshed D. taste different food

B

Marathon on a Walker

A 9-year-old boy with cerebral palsy(脑瘫) and autism (自闭) has raised $100.000 charity after completing a marathon up.

Tobias Weller completed the final of his 26.2mile marathon in Sheffield, northern England, on Sunday surrounded by socially distanced neighbors and well- wishers.

Tobias cannot stand or walk unaided, and requires support with most tasks, but, inspired by Captain Tom Moore, an old soldier who raised millions for the UK’s National Health Service by waking laps of his garden ahead of his 100th birthday. Tobias set his sights on a marathon.

“I heard about Captain Tom and I thought why don’t I use my walker to try to complete a marathon by walking up and down my street every day,” he said in video, knitting it would be an “enormous challenge”.

At the beginning of lockdown, Tobias could walk a maximum of 50 meters a day, but he grew closer to completing his challenge -----which took him 70 days, he was walking up to 750 meters a day.

“I can’t believe I completed a marathon, every bit of it has been totally awesome,” he said. “I love it when my neighbors clap and cheer for me, I’m getting stronger and stronger every day. It’s such a good feeling.”

So far, Tobias has raised over £81, 600---£50, 000 more than his original target of £30, 000 for a school that supports children and adults with cerebral palsy and autism.

C. explore local customs

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Tobias’s mother said they were going to continue walking and were aiming to reach 50 kilometers. “I’m so, so pleased that he’s completed his marathon. He’s done really well. He’s tried so hard all the way through. He’s really achieved a massive goal,” she said. “I’m bursting with pride for my little boy.” 24. How did Tobias raise $ 100,000 for charity? A. By creating a video

B. By organizing a race. D. By finishing a marathon

C. By walking in his garden.

25. Which of the following words can best describe Tobias? A. Kind and determined

B. Humble and start D. Brave and qualified

C. Selfless and easy-going. 26. What can we learn from the story? A. It is never too old to learn.

B. Time and tide wait for no man. D. A friend in need is a friend indeed.

C

C. Success belongs to the persevering.

We are what we eat, and what we eat reveals something about what we are in return. So it shouldn’t be all that surprising that humans are now apparently eating plastic.

A small trial at the Medical University of Vienna found tiny pieces of it in the digestive systems of people from eight different countries. The study involved just eight people and doesn’t tell us what if any effect eating plastic was having on their bodies. We already knew fish were eating plastic. Did we really think it wouldn’t reach back up to the top of the food chain, that the consequences of our own actions couldn’t return to us?

This goes beyond cleaning up the oceans. Six of the eight subjects of the study ate sea not all of them did. Other possible theories involve drinking out of plastic bottle. eating food that’s been wrapped in plastic, or tiny plastic pieces floating in the air which then land on our food. But our environment is so filled now with plastic that it seems that we were going to absorb it somehow.

Does it actually matter? This study can’t answer that question, because all it tells us is that microplastics were found in human wastes. If it’s just passing through the body, then perhaps there’s no damage done. However, if there were evidence of plastics being absorbed and gathering in our internal organs, as some animal studies have suggested, that would potentially be a red flag. Solving plastic pollution is nowhere near as simple as some campaigners make it sound. Switching away from plastic packaging to other materials would create other environmental dilemmas. Bottling liquids in glass rather than plastic makes them heavier which potentially means more trips to transport them, paper production has a bigger carbon footprint. Even if it were possible to stop using the stuff tomorrow, it would take up to 1,000 years for some of what’s being produced right now to break down.

But just because it’s difficult, it doesn’t mean we shrug our shoulders and do nothing. There is something genuinely mad about a society that is on the one hand crazy about the quality of the food we put in our mouths, and yet also mindlessly eats its own garbage. The war on plastic, it seems, just got personal. 27. What does the study show?

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A. Food chain is damaged by plastic. B. Eating plastic affects human greatly. C. Plastic is discovered in human bodies. D. Sea fish are the victim of plastic pollution.

28. What does the underlined part “a red flag” in Para. 4 probably mean? A. A final result.

B. A warning sign. D. A similar situation.

C. An expected finding.

29. What does Para. 5 mainly talk about? A. It’s impossible to stop using plastic. B. It’s challenging to deal with plastic issue. C. It’s urgent to choose different wrappings. D. It takes time to improve the environment. 30. What can we infer from the passage?

A. Plastic should be replaced by other materials. B. The damage towards food chain is long lasting. C. The effect of plastic pollution isn’t fully recognized D. The causes of environmental issues are complicated

D

Chinese painting, the flower of Chinese culture, is distinguished by a spirit and an atmosphere all of its own, entirely different from Western painting. It is as different from Western painting as Chinese poetry is different from Western poetry. That difference is hard to grasp and express. It has a certain tone and atmosphere, visible in Western painting, but essentially different and achieved by different means. It shows a certain economy of material, marked by the many blank spaces, an idea of composition determined by its own harmony and marked by a boldness and freedom of the brush which impresses the onlooker in an unforgettable manner.

Somehow the picture before us has undergone an inner process of transformation in the artists mind, giving us only a completely satisfying whole, so true to life and yet so different from it. The design is more obvious. The artist has presented it to us only as appears to him, and can be understood by others. It does not try to paint all before one’s eyes, and it leaves a great deal to the onlooker’s imagination. Sometimes only the tip of a plum branch is given in the whole picture and left there as perfect.

This artistic tradition did not come by chance. Its characteristics may be most conveniently summed up, I think, in the world lyricism, and this lyricism came from a certain type of human spirit and culture. For we must remember that Chinese painting is closely related, in spirit and technique, to Chinese calligraphy and Chinese poetry. Calligraphy gave it its technique, and Chinese poetry lent it its spirit.

It was Wang Wei, born in 699, a first-class landscape painter himself, who first introduced into painting the spirit and technique of Chinese poetry, with its impressionism, its lyricism, and its emphasis on atmosphere. Thus the “father of the southern school,” which makes Chinese painting and deservedly famous, was a man nurtured in the Chinese poetic spirit.

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Later on, in the eleventh century, under the influence of Song scholars like Su Dongpo (1035--1101), Chinese painting reached still greater simplicity and subjectivity. Su Dongpo even painted a bamboo tree without its joints, and when someone protested, he replied by asking, “Did the bamboo grow by adding one joint to another?” Su, who was great writer and poet, specialized in painting bamboos, and his bamboo was like his “running script”, a splash of ink without colours.

The best way of understanding Chinese painting is to study these influences which went into the building of that peculiar tradition.

31. According to Para. 1, Chinese painting is different from Western painting because____________. A. it leaves much space for poems B. its painters enjoy great freedom C. it presents simplicity to a degree D. its tone and atmosphere is visible 32. From Para. 2, we know that Chinese painters____________. A. tend to transform reality into puzzles B. usually show how they view the subject C. produce works beyond their imagination D. guide people to perceive the world as a whole

33. From the examples of Wang Wei and Su Dongpo, we know____________. A. influential poets are great painters B. how Chinese culture has developed C. what abilities are needed to create paintings D. Chinese traditional art forms are linked tightly 34. Why does the author write the passage? A. To trace the root of Chinese culture. B. To introduce different painting techniques. C. To show the features of traditional Chinese art. D. To present how to appreciate Chinese painting

第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，共10分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Should schools report a student’s health to parents?

As if grades weren’t enough to worry about, some students now have weight on their minds too. The number of overweight children in the United States has more than doubled in the past 20 years, according to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 35 As a result, schools in several states, from California to Pennsylvania, have started sending home \"BMI report cards\". Those schools send home a report of a student’s body mass index (BMI). BMI is a calculation of weight and height that tells whether a person is overweight for his or her age.

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36 People on both sides of the debate are weighing in. Some lawmakers say BMI reports warn parents of their children s health problem help fight against obesity. In 2003, former Arkansas Governor. Mike Huckabee helped launch the first program to report students’ BMI. 37 pediatrician Joe Thompson helped plan the BMI program for Arkansas schools. He explains that the reports in Arkansas are sent home separately from report cards. “The misconception is that students are being graded on their weight,” he told WR News, “Just like a school screen for vision or hearing, this is a health approach to raise awareness about a risk.”

38 Parents have complained that the reports damage their children’s self-respect. Some parents say kids also worry that they are being “graded” on their weight. 39 They point out that many school cafeterias serve atty foods. Parent Brett Levy from Chicago, Illinois, believes that schools should teach kids to lead healthy lifestyles instead of reporting their BMIS. “Telling a boy or girl a BMI is not education,” he told WR News. “It’s a fear strategy.”

A. Should schools send home BMI reports?

B. Obesity rates in that state have since stopped increasing. C. Since then children with heart disease have received the reports. D. Not everyone thinks that reporting students’ BMI is a good idea.

E. Schools agree that more activities are required for students to control weight. F. Being obese, or severely overweight, can lead to health problems later in life. G. Some people argue that schools that label students overweight are acting unfairly.

第三部分:书面表达(共三节，37分)

第一节 选词填空(共10小题；每小题0.5分，共5分)

A

请用方框中的单词或短语完成句子，并将答案写在答题纸相应位置。

Conservation have sympathy for blank guarantee reward decline 40. We __________ to deliver the books to your house within a week. 41. Industry in some western countries has been in _________ in recent years. 42. Our objective is to promote ____________ of natural resources. 43. I’m trying to think of his name, but my mind is a complete __________. 44. It is not enough to __________ the disabled. We should learn to respect them. 45. They decide to ___________ the boy with $ 5 for bringing back the lost bag.

B

请用方框中单词的正确形式完成句字，并将答案写在答题纸相应位置。

astonish disturb inspect practice 8 / 19

46. In order to get some ___________ experience, I’m planning to take a part-time job. 47. Our school carried out a health and safety ____________ last week.

48. To my _____________, he has made such rapid progress in English this term. 49. I was deeply ___________ and depressed by the news.

第二节 阅读表达(共4小题;第50、51题各2分，第52题3分，第53题5分，共12分)

阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。

The most popular course at Yale University is Psych 157: Psychology and the Good Life. Taught by Professor Laurie Santos, the course covers the science of happiness and how to apply it. Since its launch in 2018. it’s been taken by a quarter of Yale students and more than 200,000 others in its online version. It clearly shows that, in the busy and noisy modern life, we all have a strong desire for happiness.

Why don’t more of us find it. For the complete answer to that, you’ll have to take the course(缺少单词)(It’s free). But in recent New York Times interview, Santos suggested one way among of us often go wrong when seeking happiness.

Many of us are trying to be a little gentler with ourselves and prioritizing self-care. That’s a sensible strategy, Santos agrees. The trouble is how people understand “self-care.”

“We assume that self-care looks like a nice bubble bath--- or even selfish pursuits.”

Santos says. \"But the data suggests that the right way to treat ourselves would be to do nice things for other people. We actually get more out of being more open and more social and more other oriented than spending money on ourselves, It’s a bigger increase to your happiness.”

Santos isn’t the only scientist pointing out that, if you want to be happier, you should focus more on kindness to others than kindness to yourself, though sell-acceptance is certainly nice too. Research out of Oxford University confirms that even tiny acts of kindness can have profound effects on out happiness, and other studies show small acts of kindness can ripple out, boosting mental well-being in the wider community.

Kindness isn’t just good for your mental health. It’s been shown to have a big impact on our physical health too. You’ll recover more quickly after a heart attack, for instance, if your boss is supportive and friendly.

All of these effects are rooted in a simple truth: Humans are social creatures and we just function better when we feel connected to a community.

50. What is the most popular course at Yale University? 51. What’s the problem with many of us when seeking happiness?

52. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.

If we want to increase our happiness, we should focus on kindness and avoid self-care. 53. How will you apply Professor Laurie Santo’s ideas to seek happiness in your life?

第三节(20分)

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假设你是红星中学高二(一)班的学生李华。你校校刊正在开展以“健康生活”为主题的英语征文活动。请你针对当前青少年过度使用手机的现象，按照以下提示，写一篇英文稿件，内容包括：

1.过度使用手机的危害； 2.建议。

注意:1.词数100左右；

2.开头已给出，不计入总词数。

Nowadays, smart phones are becoming more and more essential for most people. But some teens are addicted to it and it is becoming more of a problem than a help.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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2021北京东城高二（下）期末英语

参

第一节 完形填空（共1小题每小题1.5分，共5分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

1．【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，Taylor在一次学校垒球比赛中用心肺复苏术及时救助了患有突发性心脏衰竭的女孩Paris，Paris非常感激，感到很幸运，又回到了垒球队中。Taylor马上就要上大学，在这次事件的激励下，想要成为一名护士。

【解答】（1）D．考查名词及语境理解；B.service服务；D.practice练习。根据上文\"were waiting for their next turns at bat\"可知。故选D。

（2）D．考查名词及语境理解；B.action行动；D.emergency紧急情况。根据上文\"Paris's eyes rolled back.（帕里斯的眼睛向后转）\"，Paris发病了。故选D。

（3）C．考查形容词及语境理解；B.personal个人的；D.mental精神的，Paris将一命呜呼，Paris发病了。故选C。

（4）A．考查介词短语及语境理解；B.in relief松了口气；D.in excitement兴奋地。根据上文\"At first，没有人移动）\"可知，如果不立即采取医疗措施，但没人行动起来，不知道怎么反应了。

（5）D．考查副词及语境理解；B.Obviously明显地；D.Amazingly令人惊讶的是，Taylor前一天刚刚参加了心肺复苏课程，这是一件很凑巧的事。故选D。

（6）B．考查名词及语境理解；B.difference区别；D.connection联系。根据下文\"between life and death\"和上文\"It was scary.（太可怕了）\"可知，病人要么是生，所以这是生与死的区别。

（7）B．考查动词短语及语境理解；B.calm down冷静下来；D.stand out脱颖而出。根据上文\"The girls were in shock\"，who brought a device （器械） that can shock the heart back into work.（一个女孩拨打了911，护士带了一个可以电击心脏恢复工作状态的设备）\"可知，女孩们开始行动起来。

（8）C．考查动词及语境理解；B.began开始；D.joined参加。根据下文\"Paris's heartbeat returned.\"和上文\"Taylor had just taken a CPR course the day before\"可知，但Taylor前一天刚刚参加了心肺复苏课程，Paris的心跳又回来了。故选C。

（9）A．考查动词及语境理解；B.promise承诺；D.realize实现。根据上文\"I know I was really lucky（我知道我真的很幸运）\"可知，所以大多数人都活不下来。

（10）C．考查副词及语境理解；B.over结束；D.through从一端到另一端，Paris又回到了垒球队，Paris病好了。故选C。

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【点评】完形填空考查学生综合运用语言的能力。做题时，要先通读全文，掌握大意，然后结合选项，仔细阅读文章，选择最适合语境的词，注意上下文的呼应及语境。

第二节 语法填空（共1小题，每小题10分，共10分）阅读下列短文，根据文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

2．【分析】A是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者想与伟大的欧内斯特•沙克尔顿爵士一起去南极，但是被拒绝了，于是作者偷偷地登上了他的船，藏在一个小碗柜里。虽然最后被人发现了，但是沙克尔顿不想回去，所以他给了作者一份工作。

B是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中世纪欧洲艺术的宗教性特点和十三世纪开始欧洲艺术向现实主义转化的特征，其中的典型代表就是乔托•迪•邦多内的绘画作品。

C是一篇说明文。温室效应包括自然温室效应和人为温室效应。文章主要介绍了自然温室效应的定义、作用方式和重要性。

【解答】（1）that/which.考查定语从句。句意：与伟大的欧内斯特•沙克尔顿爵士一起去南极——这是我一直梦想的冒险，先行词在从句中作宾语，故用关系代词that或which引导。

（2）because/as.考查原因状语从句。句意：然而，沙克尔顿拒绝了我，不合格，表示\"因为\"应用because/as。 （3）secretly.考查副词。句意：但我对和他们一起去的想法是如此的感兴趣，耐力号。修饰动词went应用副词secretly。故填secretly。

（4）to teach.考查动词不定式。句意：在中世纪。plan，purpose等词后常用不定式作表语。故填to teach。 （5）were made.考查动词时态及语态。句意：他们的作品通常是原始的和二维的，以显示他们的重要性，此处应用一般过去时，和主语characters构成被动关系。故填were made。

（6）paintings.考查名词复数和主谓一致。句意：他的画作与其他画作不同的地方在于逼真的人脸和深刻的情感影响，主语应为复数形式，为可数名词。故填paintings。

（7）called.考查过去分词。句意：气候科学家经常提到一个关键的气候过程，它有两个普遍的含义：\"自然的\"温室效应和\"人为的\"温室效应，和谓语之间没有连词，且动作已完成。故填called。

（8）refers.考查主谓一致。句意：\"自然\"温室效应是指来自太阳的热量进入大气层。此处描述客观事实。refer to意为\"指的是\"。故填refers。

（9）keeping.考查现在分词。句意：大气中的温室气体，捕获了部分热量，适宜居住，和谓语之间没有连词。故填keeping。

（10）Without.考查介词。句意：没有这个过程。根据\"Earth could not sustain life\"可知，应用介词without表示\"没有\"。故填Without。

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【点评】解答此类题目应先浏览全文，概括大意，再根据句子间的提示以及括号内的汉语提示或首字母提示，依据语法规则和行为逻辑来推测并填写合适的词语．

第一节（共4小题每小题6分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

3．【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了加拿大的四种旅行计划。

【解答】（1）A.细节理解题。根据Vancouver Kayaking Tour部分中Hightlights里面\"Learn about the history and the city's newest development（了解历史和城市的最新发展，如果你想要了解城市的历史。

（2）A.细节理解题。根据Quebec Ski﹣shoeing Excursion中\"Ski﹣shoeing，follow a guide onto snowy trails and learn about the Quebec woods.（滑雪鞋运动，在宁静的森林景观中提供低冲击的锻炼，了解魁北克的森林，如果孩子对植物感兴趣的话。即可以选择前往魁北克。

（3）B.推理判断题。根据阅读全文可知。然后根据第一个计划中\"On this trip，你将有一个与海豹互动的绝佳机会）\"？Discover the beauty of Vancouver's city skyline and amazing shoreline on a family﹣friendly kayaking tour.（在温哥华寻找一种独特的户外体验，您将发现温哥华城市天际线的美丽和令人惊叹的海岸线）\"，四个旅游计划都旨在让人们享受生活。故选B。

【点评】1．直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。2．间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。3．综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。 4．【分析】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了一名患有脑瘫和自闭症的9岁男孩Tobia通过70天的坚持，完成了不可能完成的任务﹣﹣﹣﹣马拉松，并成功筹集了10万美元的慈善资金的故事。

【解答】（1）D.细节理解题。根据第一段\"A 9﹣year﹣old boy with cerebral palsy（脑瘫） and autism （自闭） has raised ＄ 100。）可知。故选D项。

（2）A.推理判断题。根据第五段\"Tobias could walk a maximum of 50 meters a day，he was walking up to 750 meters a day.（托拜厄斯每天最多能走50米，他每天能走750米，600﹣﹣﹣£50，000 for a school that supports children and adults with cerebral palsy and autism.（托拜厄斯已经筹集了81，超过了他最初的目标3万英镑。） \"可知，完成马拉松，他筹到的钱用来做慈善。A.Kind and determined.善良而有毅力的；C.Selfless and easy﹣going.无私随和的。故选A项。

（3）C.推理判断题。根据第一段\"A 5﹣year﹣old boy with cerebral palsy（脑瘫） and autism （自闭） has raised ＄100。）以及通读全文可知9岁的脑瘫和自闭症男孩Tobia通过70天的坚持，说明成功属于坚持不懈的人，C项\"Success belongs to the persevering.（成功属于坚持不懈的人）\"是最佳答案。

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【点评】1．直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。2．间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。3．综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。 5．【分析】本文是一篇日常生活类阅读，主要告诉我们塑料污染已经很严重了，甚至我们自己的身体也含有塑料垃圾。

【解答】（1）C.细节理解题。根据第二段A small trial at the Medical University of Vienna found tiny pieces of it in the digestive systems of people from eight different countries.维也纳医科大学的一项小型试验在来自八个不同国家的人的消化系统中发现了这种物质的微小碎片。可知。故选C。

（2）B.词句猜测题。根据第四段If it's just passing through the body，那么也许不会造成伤害，此处是指如果有证据表明塑料在我们的内脏中被吸收和聚集，也许会造成伤害。A.A result最终的结果 warning ；C.An finding预计的结果 similar 。故选B。

（3）B.段落大意题。根据第五段Solving plastic pollution is nowhere near as simple as some campaigners make it sound.解决塑料污染远没有一些活动家说的那么简单，第五段主要是讲解决塑料污染问题很有挑战性；最后一句Even if it were possible to stop using the stuff tomorrow，000 years for some of what's being produced right now to break down.即使明天就可以停止使用这些东西。可知。故选B。

（4）B.推理判断题。根据第二段We already knew fish were eating plastic.Did we really think it wouldn't reach back up to the top of the food chain？我们已经知道鱼吃塑料，我们自己行为的后果不会回到我们自己身上吗，it would take up to 1，现在正在生产的一些东西需要1000年才能分解，塑料进入食物链对其造成伤害，所以对食物链造成的伤害是长期的。

【点评】阅读题型，要注重句子与句子之间、段落与段落之间逻辑关系以及对篇章的整体理解，根据所给问题选择正确选项完成试题。

6．【分析】这是一篇说明文。中国画是中国文化的一朵花，它有自己独特的精神和氛围，完全不同于西方绘画。文章主要介绍了中国画的特点以及中国画在精神和技术上与中国书法和中国诗歌密切相关的关系。 【解答】（1）C.细节理解题。根据第一段中\"It shows a certain economy of material，an idea of composition determined by its own harmony and marked by a boldness and freedom of the brush which impresses the onlooker in an unforgettable manner.（它在一定程度上展现了对于材料的节约，一种由其自身的和谐决定的构图理念，这给旁观者留下了令人难忘的印象）\"可知，因为中国画在一定程度上表现出简单。

（2）D.细节理解题。根据第二段中\"Somehow the picture before us has undergone an inner process of transformation in the artists mind，so true to life and yet so different from it.（不知怎的，只呈现给我们一个完全令人满意的整体，又与现实截然不同）\"可知。故选D。

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（3）D.细节理解题。根据第三段中\"For we must remember that Chinese painting is closely related，to Chinese calligraphy and Chinese poetry.Calligraphy gave it its technique，中国画在精神和技术上与中国书法和中国诗歌密切相关，中国诗歌赋予了它精神）\"，born in 699，who first introduced into painting the spirit and technique of Chinese poetry，its lyricism，本人就是一位一流的山水画画家，包括印象主义，in the eleventh century，Chinese painting reached still greater simplicity and subjectivity. （后来，在苏东坡（1035—1101）等宋人的影响下，从王维和苏东坡的例子中。故选D。

（4）C.写作意图题。根据第一段中\"Chinese painting，is distinguished by a spirit and an atmosphere all of its own，它有自己独特的精神和氛围。可推知。故选C。

【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

第二节（共1小题；每小题10分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

7．【分析】本文是议论文。文章讲述了美国一些学校向家长报告学生健康状况这一措施，并对此进行论述，陈述了正反双方的理由。

【解答】（1）F．逻辑关系题，美国超重儿童的数量增加了一倍多）\"讲美国学校超重儿童，F项\"Being obese，can lead to health problems later in life.（肥胖或严重超重会导致晚年的健康问题）\"说肥胖可能带来的问题，schools in several states，have started sending home ‘BMI report cards' .（因此，好几个州的学校都开始给家里寄‘BMI成绩单'）\"讲一些学校开始给家长寄‘BMI成绩单'。F项承上启下。故选F项。

（2）A．推理判断题，那么设空处需要明确辩论的是什么？（学校应该把BMI报告寄回家吗。故选A项。 （3）B．细节理解题，former Arkansas Governor Mike Huckabee helped launch the first program to report students' BMI. （2003年，B项\"Obesity rates in that state have since stopped increasing.（从那以后，与上文是顺承关系，时间状语\"since \"即\"since 2003\"。

（4）D．推理判断题，这些报告损害了孩子的自尊）\"是D项\"Not everyone thinks that reporting students' BMI is a good idea.（并不是所有人都认为报告学生的BMI是个好主意）\"的举例说明，为什么不赞同报告学生的BMI。故选D项。

（5）G．细节理解题，这是一种不公平的做法，一边给学生贴上超重的标签，且G项中\"Some people\"即下文中\"They\"。

【点评】\"七选五\"这样的题型，主要目的在于考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。解题时最主要的两个步骤就是1．理清文章的逻辑和结构，2．在所给的原文中找出关键词或者说是线索词。文章的整体思路能帮助你在答案中筛选出符合逻辑的选项，关键词则能帮助你确定更多的细节，排除相近的选项。得出正确的答案。

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第一节 选词填空（共2小题；每小题0.5分，共5分）请用方框中的单词或短语完成句子，并将答案写在答题纸相应位置。

8．【分析】（1）我们保证在一周内把书送到你家。 （2）近年来，一些西方国家的工业一直在衰退。 （3）我们的目标是促进自然资源的保护。 （4）我在想他的名字，但我的脑子里一片空白。 （5）仅仅同情残疾人是不够的，我们应该学会尊重他们。 （6）他们决定奖励那个男孩5美元，因为他找回了丢失的包。

【解答】（1）guarantee.考查动词辨析。句意：我们保证在一周内把书送到你家，说明现在的情况，故填guarantee。

（2）decline.考查名词辨析。句意：近年来。根据句意可知表示\"衰退\"，用抽象名词decline。

（3）conservation.考查名词辨析。句意：我们的目标是促进自然资源的保护，作宾语，故填conservation。 （4）blank.考查名词辨析。句意：我在想他的名字。根据句意可知表示\"空白\" complete修饰，故填blank。 （5）have sympathy 。句意：仅仅同情残疾人是不够的。根据句意可知表示\"同情\" sympathy ，句子里，动词不定式作主语，故填have for。

（6）reward.考查动词辨析。句意：他们决定奖励那个男孩5美元。根据句意可知表示\"奖励\"，用动词原形reward。

【点评】选择合适的单词或者短语主要的依据是句子的含义，我们往往会根据空格前后的句子，短语和单词来选出合适的短语；同时还要注意使用短语的正确形式，特别是动词短语，首先要判断是做谓语还是非谓语，如果是谓语动词要注意时态和语态，如果是非谓语动词，要注意判断所做的句子成分，从而选用正确的非谓语动词的形式。

9．【分析】（1）为了获得一些实践经验，我打算做一份兼职工作。 （2）我们学校上周进行了一次健康和安全检查。 （3）令我惊讶的是，这学期他的英语进步如此之快。 （4）这消息使我深感不安和沮丧。

【解答】（1）practical.考查派生词。句意：为了获得一些实践经验。根据句意可知表示\"实践的，作experience的定语，故填practical。

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（2）inspection.考查派生词。句意：我们学校上周进行了一次健康和安全检查，作carried ，有a and ，用inspect的名词单数形式inspection。

（3）astonishment.考查派生词。句意：令我惊讶的是。根据句意可知表示\"令某人惊讶的是\"，故填astonishment。

（4）disturbed.考查派生词。句意：这消息使我深感不安和沮丧，作表语，用形容词disturbed。

【点评】选择合适的单词或者短语主要的依据是句子的含义，我们往往会根据空格前后的句子，短语和单词来选出合适的短语；同时还要注意使用短语的正确形式，特别是动词短语，首先要判断是做谓语还是非谓语，如果是谓语动词要注意时态和语态，如果是非谓语动词，要注意判断所做的句子成分，从而选用正确的非谓语动词的形式。

第二节 阅读表达（共1小题；第50、51题各2分，第52题3分，第53题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。

10．【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章给我们介绍了耶鲁大学最受欢迎的课程，并告诫我们为别人做好事，可以大大提高幸福感。

【解答】（1）Psych 157：Psychology and the Good Life.细节理解题。根据第一句话\"The most popular course at Yale University is Psych 157：Psychology and the Good Life. （耶鲁大学最受欢迎的课程是：心理学和美好生活。故答案为Psych 157：Psychology and the Good Life。

（2）Many of us are trying to be a little gentler with ourselves and prioritizing self﹣care.细节理解题。根据第二段\"Santos suggested one way among of us often go wrong when seeking happiness.（Santos指出了在寻找幸福时我们使用的一种错误方法。） \"可知第二句说明了方法是什么

（3）If we want to increase our happiness，we should focus on kindness and avoid self﹣care.We should focus on kindness to others and it means the real self﹣ care.推理判断题，Santos agrees.The trouble is how people understand \"self﹣care.\" （Santos同意那是一个明智的策略。）\"以及\"But the data suggests that the right way to treat ourselves would be to do nice things for other people.We actually get more out of being more open and more social and more other oriented than spending money on ourselves。事实上从更坦诚，我们得到了更多。）\" 和\"if you want to be happier，though sell﹣acceptance is certainly nice too. （如果你想要更幸福，尽管自我接纳无疑是好的，即对别人有善意，we should focus on kindness and avoid self﹣care.We should focus on kindness to others and it means the real self﹣care. （4）I will spend more time taking care of people in need around me.实践应用题。应该给予周围人以善意 【点评】阅读表达题往往从不同的角度命题，既考查学生的阅读理解能力，也考查他们的英语表达能力和概括能力，另外，对回答的拼写、语法的正确性的也有较高的要求。 第三节（20分）

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11．【分析】高分句型一：As is often the case，when people are attending meetings，having meals or waiting for buses，you can always find them addicted to their phones，completely ignoring others.

翻译：就像往常一样，当人们开会的时候，吃饭的时候或者等车的时候，你总能发现他们在看手机，完全忽视了其他人。

分析：when引导的时间状语从句以及现在分词 ignoring others做伴随状语。

高分句型二：The reason is that smart phones nowadays are used for people to play mobile games and keep in touch with friends through QQ and WeChat.

翻译：原因是，现如今人们用手机玩游戏并且通过QQ和微信和朋友联系。 分析：that引导的表语从句。

【解答】Nowadays，smart phones are becoming more and more essential for most people.But some teens are addicted to it and it is becoming more of a problem than a help.As is often the case，having meals or waiting for buses，completely ignoring others.【高分句型一】（描述现象）

This is really a common phenomenon in our life.The reason is that smart phones nowadays are used for people to play mobile games and keep in touch with friends through QQ and WeChat.【高分句型二】However，too much exposure to phones is bad for people in terms of health.Moreover

As far as I am concerned，people should wisely make use of their phones to help with their work and study.And meanwhile care more about their family and friends rather than mobile phones.（建议） 【点评】解题方法点拨

（1）品读原文，确定文章线索

每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生\"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）\"。 （2）仔细审题，明确续写要求

一般短文后面的\"注意\"都有对此类短文续写的具体要求，如词数使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到\"心中有数\"。 （3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路

根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。 （4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句

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在确定了思路和内容之后。最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。

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