人教版高一英语必修一unit3知识梳理与巩固练习

Unit 3 Travel journal

词汇要点

1.determine vt.决定，决心，确定，测定

determination n. 决心，毅力 determined adj. 坚毅的，下决心的 decide［同义］ v.决定 典型用法 be determined to do sth

⑴ She is a girl of great ______________ (determine). ⑵ He is determined ________ (face) out the situation. ⑶ There is a ____________ (determine) look on his face. 2.similar adj. 类似的，相似的

Similarly adv. 类似地；同样地 Similarity n.类似；(可数)相似之处 be similar to［搭配］类似于,与……相似 （1）My opinion is ______ _______yours.

⑵ The __________ between them has often been remarked on. 3.organize v.组织

organization n.组织，机构 organizer n.组织者 organized adj. 有组织的 1 .The ___________(organize) think of various ways to amuse the athletes.

2. I will take part in an _________ (organize) activity to improve the condition of disadvantaged people in society. 4.surprise vt.使惊奇，使诧异n. 惊奇，诧异

Surprised adj. 感到惊讶的 surprising adj. 令人惊讶的

surprisedly adv. 惊奇地，惊讶地 surprisingly adv. 令人感到惊奇地 典型的用法是：

be surprised at 对…感到惊讶 to one,s surprise (=surprisingly) 令人感到惊奇地是 (1) Everybody here was ____ （surprise）at the news.

(2) ____________________(surprise)，he was so frank that he told me all of his secrets. 5..transport n.& v.运送；运输

派生：transportation n.运输；交通工具

⑴ 那辆黄色公共汽车将乘客从机场运送到城里。

The yellow bus_____________________________from the airport to the city. ⑵ 那些物品将用飞机运往青海玉树。

The goods ____________________ by plane to Yu Shu，Qinghai Province. 6.persuade vt.说服，劝说

persuade sb. to do 说服/劝服某人去做 persuade sb. into doing 说服/劝服某人去做 persuade sb. out of doing说服/劝服某人不做

注意：劝而不服则要用advise sb.to do sth.或者try to persuade sb.to do sth.。 ⑴ 我们劝戒烟，他不再抽烟啦!

__________________________________，and he never smoked at last. ⑵ 我们劝王老师戒烟，可他不戒。

___________________________________________________________，but he didn’t. 7.3.graduate v.毕业 n.大学毕业生 派生：graduation n.毕业 短语：graduate from 毕业于

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(1)After ____________ (graduate)，what are you going to do? (2)My sister graduated ______ Beijing University ____ 1982. (3) He is _____ graduate of Oxford. （填冠词） 8..care vi.关心；介意 n.关心；照顾

care about (to be worried about/concerned with)忧虑；担心；惦念 care for(=like，love)喜欢 take care of(=look after)照料；照顾 take care 小心；提防 派生：careful adj.细心的 carefully adv.细心地 carefulness n.细心 carelessly

adv. 粗心地 carelessness n.粗心 careless adj.粗心的 ⑴ The only thing he cares __________ is money. ⑵ I don’t really care _____ red wine.

⑶Who will take care ___ your baby if you are out?

⑷ Many accidents are caused by ________ (care) driving.

⑤ They studied the question _________ (care) before they made the decision. 即学即用

（1）—That’s a lovely dress.

—Do you think so?My aunt gave it to me for my birthday,but I don’t the color A.interest in B.care for C.take care of D.fond of

（2）I don’t think Jack what happensto his family.He is so selfish.

A.cares for B.cares aboutC.cares to D.cares of 9.reliable adj. 可信赖的；可靠的 派生：rely vi.依靠；依赖(通常接on)⑴ I found this to be a ________ brand of washing machines.

⑵ The villagers here ____ wells for their water.（填与rely相关的词） 10..schedule n.时间表；进度表 vt.为某事安排时间

according to schedule 按照计划；按照安排 on schedule 按时 behind schedule 晚点 be scheduled to do被安排，定于 ⑴ 火车按时到达。 The train arrived ___ ___ ⑵ 总统定于明天发表演说。

The President is __________ (schedule) to make a speech tomorrow. 11.attitude n. 态度；看法

attitude to/towards ... 对……的态度

翻译：我的英语老师改变了对我的态度。

My English teacher ________________________ me. 12..be fond of(=love；like)喜欢；喜爱

翻译：虽然她有好多缺点，但是我们都很喜欢她。

She has many shortcomings，but we __________________her. 13.give in 屈服；让步

give up停止/放弃做某事 give out 用完；用尽；分发；分布 give away捐赠；暴露；泄露 give off发散(气味)；发出(光) give back交还

运用：用适当的介词或副词填空。

（1） He gave ____ to her request.

（2） If you give _____ smoking，you will save a lot of money every year. （3） His accent gave him _____ . So I knew he was from USA.

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（4）Our teacher gave ______ to the police station what he picked up from the ground. （5） His money soon gave ______ because he bought a lot of things. 14.as usual 照常；如平常一样

⑴ 昨天早上，他像往常一样去了办公室Yesterday morning，________________________. ⑵ 你像平常一样迟到了。 You are late，___________.

15.put up 建造，搭建，举起；升起 put up with 忍受 ⑴ You should ___________ what he said.

⑵ If you have questions to ask，please _______ your hand. 16.at midnight 半夜

比较：at night(傍晚)晚上

in the evening=during the night/in the night在晚间/在夜间 （1）My grandma usually woke up ____ midnight.

⑵ You must be tired after you worked several hours _____ the evening. Please take a rest. 17.change one’s mind 改变注意 make up one’s mind 下决心；决定

⑴ He______________________ go to university after graduation from high school. ⑵ He is very stubborn(固执的)and he is not easy to _________________.

（三）重点句子解析

一、Warming up –language point

1. Which kind of transport do you prefe rto use:bus or train?（回归课本P17）

prefer v.更喜欢；选择某事物(而不选择其他事物)

(1)prefer sth.更喜欢……

prefer (sb.) to do sth.更喜欢（某人）做……

prefer that更喜欢［that从句中常用（should）+动词原形］

prefer sth./doing...to sth./doing...与……相比更喜欢……；宁愿……，不愿…… e.g. I would prefer meat to fish.我喜欢肉胜过（喜欢）鱼。 I prefer singing to acting. 我喜欢唱歌胜过演戏。 prefer to do...rather than do...宁可……也不……

e.g. He prefers to stay at home rather than go shopping. 他宁可呆在家里也不愿意去逛商店。 (2)preference n. 偏爱；爱好；喜爱

give preference to sb./sth.给……以优惠；优待 in preference to sb./sth.而不是

（1）He prefers_________ indoors rather than__________ out this afternoon. A.to stay;to go B.staying;to go C.to stay;to going D.staying;to going （2）The little girl_______ go to the cinema rather than______ at home alone that night. A.preferred;stay B.prefers to;to stay C.preferred to;stay D.prefers to;stay

二、Reading Language points

1.Ever since middle school, my sister Wang Wei and I have dreamed about taking a great bike trip.

1). dream n. v.

dreamed/dreamt dreamed/dreamt dream of/about sth. (vi.)

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dream a…dream (vt.) dream that… (vt.) dream sb. to be … (vt.)

1) 他梦想着有一天为自己工作, 没有老板.

He working for himself and not having a boss one day.

= He that one day he will work for himself and not have a boss. 2) 我做梦也没想到他是个撒谎的人. I never a liar.

2. Then she persuade me to buy one.然后她动员我也买了一辆. persuade vt.说服; 劝服; vi.被说服 persuade sb. (not) to do sth.

persuade sb. into / out of doing sth.

我已说服他做这件事。

e.g. I persuaded him to do it. = persuade him into doing it.

如果“劝说”不服, 不能直接用persuade, 而应用try to persuade或advise, 或者用persuade的否定式。

e.g. Some of us advised him to change his mind but no one could persuade him to do so. （2）实例

1. I __ him not to smoke, but he didn’t think it necessary. A.persuaded B. advised C. hoped D. suggested

2. I was able at last to ____ my mother to follow my advice. A.suggest B. advise C. persuade D. leave off

3. While shopping, people sometimes can’t help ____ into buying something they don’t really need.

A.to persuade B. persuading C. being persuade D. be persuaded 3 辨析： Finally/at last/in the end

finally 一般指一系列事物或论点的顺序的最后项内容,或用在动词前,表示“等了好久……才”,没有感情色彩.

at last只能指时间位置,不能指时间顺序,在意思上是指经过周折、等待、耽搁到”最后、终于”(出现所期待的结果),常常带有较浓厚的感情色彩.

in the end可与at last和finally通用.但若出现了非期待中的结果,用in the end, 还可以用于预卜未来。

1)They talked about it for hours. _______ they decided not to go. 2)The children arrived home _________________after the storm. 3) My dream will come true

4) The war lasted four years before the North won _______________. 5) Your idea will turn out right _________.

4. It was my sister who first had the idea to cycle along the entire Mekong River from where it begins to where it ends.

__________________________________________________________________

这是一个强调句。强调句的结构是： It was/is+强调成分+that-/who-分句

如果强调的部分是人,可用who,也可用that, 强调其他成分与内容都用that。

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强调时间和地点不能用when或where，只用that。 e. g.我看这部电影是在上海。 (强调地点状语)

It was in Shanghai that I saw the film.

根据上下文和语义意图,说话人可以通过强调句分别强调主语, 宾语, 状语, 使之成为信息中心。

e. g ⑴ All the members held ②a meeting ③in the club ④ yesterday. ⑴It was all the members that/who held a meeting in the club yesterday. (强调主语, was不能换用were)

②It was a meeting that all the members held in the club yesterday. (强调宾语a meeting) ③It was in the club that all the members held a meeting yesterday. (强调地点状语,that不可换用 where)

④It was yesterday that all the members held a meeting in the club. (强调时间状语that不可换用 where)

把这个句子的不同成分改成强调句。John gave Mary a handbag at Christmas.

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 高考链接

1.Was it ___ that I saw last night at the concert?

A. you B. not you C. that yourself

2.It was because of bad weather ___ the football match had to be put off.

A. so B. so that C. why D. that 3..—Who is making so much noise in the garden?

—______ the children.

A. It is B. They are C. That is D. There are

6. Although she didn’t know the best way of getting get to places, she insisted that she organize the trip properly. 尽管她不知道旅行的最佳方式, 但是她还是坚决主张她来合理安排这次旅行。

1) although, though引导让步状语从句不能再和but, and, however连用, 但可以和副词yet, still连用。

although从句多放在句首, though从句可在主句前，中，后任何位置，而且though可以作副词用于句末，作 “但是，不过”讲，而although无此用法。

[考例] ______ he has limited technical knowledge, the old worker has a lot of experience.

A. Since B. Unless C. As D. Although 2) insist : declare firmly 坚持认为，坚持主张 ※insist on/upon one’s doing sth坚持做,坚决做 e.g. I insisted on/upon his coming with us.

※insist that +从句 “坚持说”(后表示一个事实), 后接的从句用陈述语气, 既按需要选择时态。

e.g. He insisted that he hadn’t stolen the girl’s handbag.

※insist that sb. (should) do sth. 坚决主张做某事, 后接的宾语从句常用虚拟语气, 既 “should +v.”

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e.g. Mary was ill. Her parents insisted that she (should) see a doctor. 高考链接

I insisted that a doctor __ immediately.

A has been sent for B. sent for C. will be sent for D. be sent for

2.The doctor insisted that I a high fever and that I a rest for a few days. A.had;had B.have;have C.had;have D.have;had

3.The man insisted a taxi for me even if/though I told him I lived nearby. A.find B.to find C.on finding D.in finding 7. My sister doesn’t care about details. 我姐姐是不会考虑细节的。 care about: be worried about忧虑,关心 e.g. 他并不关心我的事情。

He doesn’t care much about what happens to me. care for sb/sth:希望, 喜欢, 照顾 1) Would you care for a drink? 2) He cares for her deeply.

3) Who will care for your child if you are out?

8. When I told her the air would be hard to breathe and it would be very cold… 当我告诉她将呼吸困难, 天气严寒……

主语 + be + adj.+ to do sth. 是一常用句式既不定式用主动形式表达被动含义 e.g. The problem is really hard to work out.

My boss is easy to deal with.

这类形容词有surprised, moved, disappointed, pleased, happy, sad, delighted, sorry, interested, glad, worried, etc.

11. Finally, I had to give in. 最后, 我只好让步。 give in (to sb./sth.) 屈服于, 让步, 递交 e.g. He had to give in to my views.\\\\ It’s time you gave in your papers. give up 放弃, 认输 ; give out 筋疲力尽；分配; ; give away 捐赠, 泄露 练一练

1) After the long trip, both the men and the horses ________.

2) Because of his small salary, he had to _______ his dream trip to Europe. 3) Seeing that he could not persuade me, he had to ___________ my view. 4) He _________ most of his fortune to the poor. 5) Please keep the secret, don’t ____ it _____.

选择题---Smoking is bad for your health ---Yes,I know. But I simply can’t ___. A. give it up B. give it out C. give it in D. give it away

12. It becomes rapids as it passes through deep valleys, traveling across western Yunnan Province穿过深谷流经云南省西部时它变成急流.

辨析: across；through ； over prep. 穿过

across 常表示从一定范围的一边到另一边或事物交叉位置, “横穿, 横跨” 表面, 含义与on 有关

through 表达两边穿过或穿过空间内部, 含义与in 有关 over表示 “越过” 是指越过较高的物体从一侧到另一侧 e.g. She swam ________the river.

The river flows _________the city from west to east.

Walk _______the square and go _________the gate, then you’ll come to the cafe.

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The thief climbed ______the wall and ran away.

实例：The new railway winds its way to , ___ mountains ___ tunnels and ___ rivers.

A.across; over; through B. over; across; . through C. over; through; across D. through; over; across

9.A determined person always tries to finish the job,no matter how hard it is.

有决心的人总是努力完成工作，而不管它有多难。 No matter how 引导让步状语从句，意为“无论多么……”，how后紧跟 形容 词或 副 词，此处相当于however+形容词/副词。易混辨异疑问词+ever，no matter+疑问词

（1）whatever,whichever,whoever,whomever可以引导让步状语从句，也可以引导名词性从句，引导让步状语从句时，可以换成no matter what/which/who/whom,位置可以在主句前，也可以在主句后。 （2）wherever,whenever,however常引导让步状语从句，可以换成no mattewhere/when/how,可放在主句前或主句后。

(3)however引导让步状语从句常与倒装结合起来。这时，however起双重作用，一是引导让步状语从句，二是修饰某一个形容词或副词，而这个形容词或副词要紧接在它之后。 即学即用

（1）我告诉他什么时候想回来就回来。

I told him to come back . （2）无论在何地，你总是会受到欢迎的。

You are always welcome .

阅读理解

We walked in so quietly that the nurse at the desk didn't even lift her eyes from the book. Mum pointed at a big chair by the door and I knew she wanted me to sit down. While I watched mouth open is surprise, Mum took off her hat and coat and gave them to me to hold. She walked quietly to the small room by the lift and took out a wet mop（拖把）. She pushed the mop past the desk and as the nurse looked up, Mum nodded and said, \"Very dirty floors. \"

\"Yes, I'm glad they've finally decided to clean them, \"the nurse answered. She looked at Mum strangely and said, \"But aren't you working late?\"

Mum just pushed harder, each swipe(拖一下)of the mop taking her farther and farther down the hall. I watched until she was out of sight and the nurse had turned back to writing in the big book.

After a long time Mum came back. Her eyes were shining. She quickly put the mop back and took my hand. As we turned to go out of the door, Mum bowed politely to the nurse and said, \"Thank you.\"

Outside, Mum told me, \"Dagmar is fine. No fever. \" \"You saw her, Mum?\"

\"Of course. I told her about the hospital rules, and she will not expect us until tomorrow. Dad will stop worrying as well. It's a fine hospital. But such floors!A mop is no good. You need a brush.\"

1. When she took a mop from the small room what Mum really wanted to do was .

A. to clean the floor B. to please the nurse

B. to see a patient D. to surprise the story-teller

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2. When the nurse talked to Mum she thought Mum was a .

A. nurse B. visitor C. patient D. cleaner 3. After reading the story what can we infer about the hospital? A. It is a children's hospital.

B. It has strict rules about visiting hours. C. The conditions there aren't very good.

D. The nurses and doctors there don't work hard. 4. From the text we know that Dagmar is most likely A. the story-teller's sister B. Mum's friend C. the story-teller's classmate D. Dad's boss 5. Which of the following words best describes Mum? A. strange B. warm-hearted C. clever D. hard-working 8