人教版八年级下册 Unit 3-4 知识复习总结+同步练习 (答案不全)

导学2 (Unit 3-4)

Unit 3 Could you please clean your room?

重点词汇

rubbish n.垃圾；废物 拓展：

垃圾还可用litter, garbage, trash表示 fold v.折叠；对折

Could you please fold your clothes? 你能折你的衣服吗？ sweep v.打扫

Could you please sweep the floor? 你能扫地吗？ neither adv. 也不

She didn’t do housework and neither did I. 她没有做家务活，我也没有。 拓展：

neither 用于否定句 前者适合于后者

so 用于肯定句 前者适合于后者

Lucy can’t swim, neither can Lily. Lucy 不会游泳，Lily也不会。

Tom speaks Chinese well, so does his sister。 Tom汉语讲得很好，他妹妹也讲得好。 mess n.杂乱；不整洁

She won’t be happy if she sees this mess.

如果她看见这些乱七八糟的东西，她会生气的。 pass v. 给；递

Could you please pass me the salt? 你能把盐递给我吗？ borrow v. 借；借用 lend v.借给；借出

Could I borrow that book? 我可以借那本书吗？ Could you lend me some money? 你可以借些钱给我吗？

辨析：borrow （相对于主语）借入 lend （相对于主语）借出

I will borrow a pen from Tom. 我将要向Tom借一支笔。 Tom will lend a pen to me. Tom将要借一支笔给我。 hate v. 厌恶；讨厌 I hate some chores, too. 我也讨厌一些家务活。 while conj.当…时候 waste n.浪费；滥用 Housework is a waste of time.

家务劳动是浪费时间。 provide v. 提供；供应

It is the parents’ job to provide a clean and comfortable environment for their children.

为孩子们提供干净舒适的环境是父母亲的职责。 拓展：

provide sb. with sth. 为某人提供某种东西 My boss provides me with an apartment and food. My boss provides an apartment and food for me. 我的老板给我提供食宿。 depend v.依靠；信赖

Children these days depend on their parents too much. 现今的孩子们太依赖于他们的父母亲了。 since conj. 自…以来 drop v.落下；掉下

He often fell ill and his grades dropped. 他经常生病，他的成绩也随之下降了。 常用短语及搭配 do chores 做家务 do the dishes 洗餐具 take out the rubbish倒垃圾 fold the/one’s clothes折衣服 sweep the floor扫地 make the/one’s bed整理床铺 no problem没问题

go out for dinner出去吃晚饭 stay out late在外面呆的太晚 get a ride搭便车 work on从事 at least至少 finish doing做完某事 see the mess看到混乱 come over过来 neither of…没有

hang out with sb.和某人闲逛 get wet淋湿

borrow some money借钱

invite sb. to sw.邀请某人去某个地方 in order to为了

get good grades取得好成绩 depend on依赖

the earlier…,the better…越早越好 重要句型

1. There is no need for …to….不需要做…… There is no need for the students to do housework. 学生们不需要去做家务劳动。

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人教版八年级下册 Unit 3-4 知识复习总结+同步练习 （答案不全）

2. It’s not enough to….……是不够的…… It’s not enough to just get good grades at school. 仅仅在学校里取得好的成绩是远远不够的。 3. The earlier…, the better…. 越早……越好…… The earlier kids learn to be independent, the better it is for their future.

孩子们越早学会对他们的将来就越有用。 两个比较级由逗号连接，构成The + 比较级，the + 比较级的结构，表达汉语：“越……越”的意思：The more, the better. 越多越好。 基本语法

1. Could you please…? 礼貌地提出要求. Could you please clean your room? 请你打扫你的房间，行吗? 2. Could I …? 征得同意

Could I go out for dinner with my friends? 我可以和我的朋友们出去吃晚饭吗？ 3. make和 do用着“做”的区别 make 做的过程中要动脑筋 make dinner do 简单的，机械的重复做 do chores Unit 4 Why don’t you talk to your parents? 重点词汇

allow v.允许；准许

My parents don’t allow me to hang out with my friends. 我的爸爸妈妈不允许我和我的朋友闲逛。 deal n. 协议；交易 拓展： deal v. 处理

deal with… 处理……

You should deal with your problems by youself. 你应该亲自处理你自己的问题。 argue v.争吵；争论

When they argue, it’s like a big, black cloud hanging over our home. 拓展：

argue with sb. 与某人吵架 Don’t argue with your parents. 不要和你的父母亲吵架。 instead adv.代替；反而 whatever pron.任何；每一

Instead he watches whatever he wants until late at night. offer v.主动提出；自愿给予

If your parents are having problems, you should offer to help. 辨析： offer 主动提供

offer …to ... 主动提供…给… provide 供给

provide… for sb./provide…with为……提供…… The boy offered his seat to the old man. 这个男孩把他的座位让给了这位老人。 My parents provide me with food and money. My parents provide food and money for me. 我的爸爸妈妈给我提供食物和金钱。 explain v.解释；说明

You should explain that you don’t mind him watching TV all the time.

你应该说明你并不介意他一直看电视。 return v.回来；回去

My cousin borrows my things without returning them. 我的堂兄老是借我的东西不还。 typical adj.典型的

The Taylors are a typical American family. Taylor一家是典型的美国家庭。 continue v.持续；继续纯在

Competition starts very young and continues until the kids get older.

竞争从孩子们很小时候就开始了,直到他们长大。 拓展：

continue doing /go on doing 继续做某事 Let’s continue/go on having class！ 让我们继续上课吧！ compare v.比较；对比

They are always comparing their kids with other children. 他们总是把他们的小孩与其他的孩子相比较。 push v.推动；移动

People shouldn’t push their kids so hard. 人们不应该给自己的孩子施加如此大的压力。 拓展：push 推; pull 拖；拉 cause v.造成；引起

All these activities can cause a lot of stress for children. 所有这些活动都会给孩子造成很大的压力。 常用短语

get enough sleep得到足够的睡眠 get into a fight with sb.和某人进入战斗 go to sleep去睡觉

write sb. a letter给某人写信 talk on the phone打电话

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人教版八年级下册 Unit 3-4 知识复习总结+同步练习 （答案不全）

find sb. doing sth.发现某人正在做某事 look through 浏览；看看 be angry with sb.生某人的气 get on with sb.和某人相处 refuse to do 拒绝做 offer to do 主动做

communicate…with…和……交流 be worried about sb.担心某人 talk to sb.和某人说话

give sb. a lot of pressure给某人很大的压力 compete with和……竞争

have after-school lessons 有课后作业 not…until…直到……才 compare… with…和……比较 重要句型

1. In my opinion, it’s important for …to…. 我认为，对于某人来说做……是重要的。

In my opinion, it’s important for the kids to talk about their problems with their parents.

我认为孩子们和父母亲谈论他们的问题是很重要的。 2. … so that… 以致于……

You could save more money so that you can buy a gift for your friend’s birthday.

你可以节约更多的钱，以致于你能为你的朋友生日买一份礼物。

3. If children…, they will….

If children go fishing tomorrow, they will have a great time.

如果孩子们明天出去钓鱼，他们会玩的很高兴。 基本语法

1. 提出建议：Why don’t you …? 你为什么不做某事呢？

Why don’t you go to sleep earlier this evening? 你为什么今天早晨不早点起床呢？ 2. 用could, should 给出建议 Maybe you could go to his house. 或许你可以去他家。 You should write him a letter. 你应该给他写一封信。

跟踪导练（二）

Section A

I. 单项填空

( ) 1. Could you please ____ your clothes to make them tidy?

A. clean B. do C. make D. fold ( ) 2. ___ your floor yesterday?

A. Do you sweep B. Did you sweep C. Did you swept D. Do you swept ( ) 3. -Will you go shopping with me?

-____. I have to help mom do the dishes. A. Yes, I do B. Yes, I can C. Sorry, I can’t D. Sorry, I am not

( ) 4. I hate ____ the dishes, but I like to ____ my bed. A. doing; make B. to do; making C. do; make D. do; make

( ) 5. -Jim, come out. Let’s go to play football.

-Sorry. I’m ____ a math problem. A. working out B. working on C. working for D. working with

（ ）6. I found the boy ____ Tom at 16:00 yesterday. A. have fight to B. having a fight to C. have fight with D. having a fight with 7. My mother was angry ___ me last week.

A. to B. in C. with D. about

( ) 8. My parent always ____ me _____ other kids. I dislike it.

A. compares; with B. compare; with C. compares; in D. compare; in

( ) 9. I got up early this morning ___ I caught the early bus.

A. until B. although C. but D. so that

( ) 10. You should ____ your classmates, Lily. A. get on with B. get along to C. get on for D. get along from

II. 完形填空

Monday morning is an important time at our school. All of the students go to the playground. We listen to music, and we 1 the national flag (国旗) go up.

Usually, one student gives a talk on Monday mornings. One Monday last year, a boy gave the talk. He was proud and 2 ! When I saw him, I wanted to have a try, too. Can I really do it?

Last week, our teacher said our class should give the talk. My teacher 3 to me, “I know you want to have a try. Next Monday, you can give the talk. Go and 4 something down. Get ready for it; I’m sure you’ll do

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人教版八年级下册 Unit 3-4 知识复习总结+同步练习 （答案不全）

well.”

“Thank you,” I answered. It was such a great 5 for me! I wrote two pages for the talk. I read them again and again. I wanted to make my teacher 6 . Monday morning came. I 7 to feel nervous. When did I last give a talk to so many people? Never! This was my 8 time. Could I really do it? Maybe I couldn’t 9 the talk.

When I got to school, students all went out to the 10 . I stood in front of everyone. I opened my mouth, but I couldn’t say anything.

( ) 1. A. watch B. see C. notice D. look at ( ) 2. A. surprised B. excited

C. worried D. tired ( ) 3. A. told B. asked

C. said ( ) 4. A. take

C. get

D. showed D. write B. put

people it is important to decide on their lives by themselves.

( ) 1. How many people are there in most American families at most? A. 3. C. 5. ____.

A. go to other countries B. find jobs for their parents C. decide on their lives themselves D. do better jobs around their houses

( ) 3. How can most American children know about their parents when they are far away? A. Through friends. B. Through e-mails. C. By writing or calling. D. By chatting on the Internet.

( ) 4. What do the American parents think of giving their children money for doing any housework? A. Useful. B. Fun. C. Dangerous. D. Strange.

( ) 5. We can learn that children in the USA . A. look for jobs for their patents B. often ask their parents for money C. often spend holidays with the parents D. leave the parents when they are still young

B

“Cool” is a word with many meanings. Its old meaning is used to express a temperature that is a little bit cold. As the world has changed, the word has had many different meanings.

“Cool” can be used to express feelings of interest in

A

almost anything.

When you see a famous car in the street, maybe you will say, “It’s cool.” You may think, “He’s so cool,” when you see your favorite footballer.

We all maximize（扩大） the meaning of “cool”. You can use it instead of many words such as “new” or “surprising”. Here’s an interesting story we can use to show the way the word is used. A teacher asked her students to write about the waterfall (瀑布) they had visited. On one student’s paper was just the one sentence, “It’s so cool”. Maybe he thought it was the best way to show what he saw and felt.

But the story also shows a scarcity（缺乏）of words.

B. 4. D. 6.

( ) 2. When they are old enough, American children will

( ) 5. A. chance B. news

C. time D. message ( ) 6. A. good C. clear

C. began

B. happy

D. healthy

( ) 7. A. wanted B. tried

D. liked

( ) 8. A. last B. right

C. bad D. first ( ) 9. A. finish B. make

C. know D. find ( ) 10. A. school B. classroom

C. street D. playground

III. 阅读理解

Most American families are smaller than those in other countries. Usually there is one or two parents and one or two children in each American family. Children in the USA will leave their parents when they grow up. They want to find better jobs, so they usually live far away from their parents. They often write or telephone their parents. And they go to visit their parents during their holidays. Parents will ask their children to do some work around their house. In many families children will get money for doing some housework so that they can learn to make money for their own. Parents usually let their children choose their own jobs. Americans think that for young

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人教版八年级下册 Unit 3-4 知识复习总结+同步练习 （答案不全）

Without “cool”, some people have no words to show the same meaning. So it is quite important to keep some credibility (可信性). Can you think of many other words that make your life as colorful as the word “cool”？ I can. And I think they are also very cool.

( ) 6. The word “express” in Paragraph 1 means “ ”.

A. see B. show C. know D. feel

( ) 7. You can say something you has bought is cool to

mean . A. it is difficult to get B. you has bought it C. it is expensive D. you like it

( ) 8. Why does the writer tell the story about the

student?

A. To make readers laugh.

B. To show how “cool” can be used. C. To mean students like to use “cool”.

D. To say he knew the word “cool” well.

( ) 9. Which is true about the word “cool” according to

the text?

A. It is used too much. B. It makes our life colorful.

C. It often gets people in trouble. D. It always means a little bit cold.

( ) 10. We can learn that the writer thinks that the word “cool” ____.

A. can take the place of many other words B. usually means something interesting C. may not be as cool as it seems D. can make your life colorful

Section B

I. 单项填空

( ) -1. Could you please sweep the floor?

-___. I have to do my homework. A. Yes, sure. B. Why not? C. Sorry, you can’t. D. Sorry, I can’t

( ) 2.When my parents argue, it’s like a big black cloud ___ over our home. A. hanging C. hang

B. hung

D. will hang

C．in order to D. so that A. hang out C. hung out

- . A. So does Tom.

( ) 4. I want to ____ my friends after school.

B．hang out with D．hung out with

( ) 5. -Lucy never eats junk food.

B．So do Tom.

D. Neither do Tom.

C．Neither does Tom.

( ) 6. Could I please ____ your bike? Sorry, I _____ it to Mary. A. lend; borrowed B. lend; lent C. borrow; lent D. borrow, borrowed ( ) 7.The ___ you eat, the ____ you are. A. much; healthy C．much; healthier

housework.

A. too much; too much B. too many; too much C. too many; too many D. too much; too many ( ) 9. -What should I do?

-____ write a letter to him? A. Why do you C. Why don’t you A. talk about; on

B. Why did you

D. Why didn’t you

B．more; healthy

D．more; healthier

( ) 8. I have ___ after-school classes and ___

( ) 10. I want to it the phone.

B. talk with; on

C. talk with; to D. talk about; to ( ) 11. Ann never has ____ her friends. A. fight with C. fight to

B. a fight with D. a fight to

( ) 12. -Could I please ___？

-Sorry, you can’t. I will use it. A. do chores B. go to the movies C. go to shop

D. use your car

( ) 13.The students should ___ their seats to the old. A. offer B. hand C. get

D. let

( ) 14. The child didn’t go to bed ___ he finished his homework. A. until C. because after arguing.

A. to B. with C. for D. on

II. 完形填空

B. if

D. still

( ) 15. You’d better communicate ____ your brother

( ) 3. Kate studies hard ____ get good grades.

A. and to B. until

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人教版八年级下册 Unit 3-4 知识复习总结+同步练习 （答案不全）

A young man was going to finish school. For a long time he had 1 to get a beautiful sports car. He knew his father could well 2 it, so he told him that a sports car was all he wanted.

On the morning of his graduation, he went to his father’s room. His father told him how 3 he was to have such a fine son, and told him how much he loved him. He 4 his son a beautiful gift box. Surprised, the young man opened the box and 5 a lovely Bible (圣经) with his name on it. Angrily, he raised his 6 and said, “With all your money you give me a Bible?” He then rushed out, 7 the Bible.

Many years passed and the young man was very 8 in business. Realizing that his father was very old, he thought he 9 go to see him. Before he could go, he received a 10 telling him that his 11 had died. He went home at once.

When he began to 12 through his father’s important papers, he saw the still new Bible, 13 as he had left it years ago. He opened the Bible and began to turn the pages. As he was reading, a 14 key with a tag (标牌) dropped from the back of the Bible. On the tag was the 15 of his graduation, and the words “PAID IN FULL”. ( ) 1. A. expected B. believed

C. enjoyed D. felt ( ) 2. A. afford ( ) 3. A. excited

B. spend B. proud

C. cost D. pay C. surprised D. anxious

( ) 4. A. lent B. handed

C. took D. taught

( ) 5. A. read

B. watched

C. found D. got ( ) 6. A. hand B. head C. voice D. body ( ) 7. A. holding B. opening

C. carrying C. strict

D. leaving D. successful

( ) 8. A. interested B. busy ( ) 9. A. can B. may

C. will D. should ( ) 10. A. book C. note ( ) 11. A. mother C. father

B. call B. sister D. letter D. brother

C. put D. look

( ) 13. A. just B. only

C. always D. already

( ) 14. A. room

C. car

( ) 15. A. place

B. door D. building

B. date

C. test D. name

III. 阅读理解

A

Some British and American people like to invite friends for a meal at home. You should not be upset（不安的）if your English friends don’t invite you home. It doesn’t mean they don’t like you.

Dinner parties start between 7 and 8 p.m. and end at about 11. Ask your hosts what time you should arrive. It’s polite to bring flowers, chocolates or a bottle of wine as a gift.

Usually the evening starts with drinks and snacks. If you want to be extra polite, say how much you like the room, or the pictures on the wall. But remember－it’s not polite to ask how much things cost.

In many families, the husband sits at one of the table and the wife sits at the other end. They eat with their guests. You’ll probably start the meal with soup or something small, then you’ll have meat or fish with vegetables, and then dessert, followed by coffee. It’s polite to finish everything on your plate and to take more if you want it.

Did you enjoy the evening? Call your hosts the next day, or write them a short “thank you” letter. British and American people like to say “thank you, thank, thank you” all the time!

( ) 1. If your English friends don’t invite you to dinner at

home, it may mean that ____. A. they are busy

B. they have no time C. they don’t like you D. they can’t afford to do so

( ) 2. What should you do when you go to a dinner party? A. Arriving first. B. Bringing a small gift.

C. Getting there as early as possible. D. Helping the host with the house work.

( ) 3. What does the meal usually end with at an English dinner party?

( ) 12. A. search B. walk

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人教版八年级下册 Unit 3-4 知识复习总结+同步练习 （答案不全）

A. Meat. B. Coffee. B. To visit her.

C. To sell something to her. D. To tell her something important.

( ) 10. From the end of the story we can learn that . B. Bruce told a lie.

A. Bruce’s mother wasn’t at home. C. The salesman made friends with Bruce. D. The salesman made a mistake about the house.

C

Dick lived in England. One day in January he said to his wife, “I’m going to fly to New York next week because I’ve got some work there.” “Where are you going to stay there?” his wife asked. “I don’t know yet,” Dick answered. “Please send me your address from there in a telegram (电报),” his wife said. “All right,” Dick answered.

He flew to New York the next day and found a nice hotel in the center of the city. He put his things in his room and then he sent his wife a telegram. He put the address of his hotel in it.

In the evening he didn't have any work, so he went to a cinema. He came out at nine o'clock and said, “Now I’m going back to my hotel and have a nice dinner.”

He found a taxi and the driver said, “Where do you want to go?” But Dick didn’t remember the name and address of his hotel.

“Which hotel are my things in?” he said. “And what am I going to do tonight?” But the driver of the taxi did not know. So Dick got out and went into a post office. There he sent his wife another telegram, and in it he wrote, “Please send me my address at this post office.” 11. Why did Dick fly to New York? A. He lived there. B. He had work there. C. He wanted to visit a friend. D. He went there for his holiday.

12. Why did Dick send the first telegram to his wife? A. To say he was all right. B. To give his greetings to her. C. To ask her to go to New York later. D. To tell her his address in New York. 13. What did Dick do that evening in New York? A. He had a nice dinner. B. He went to see a film. C. He watched TV at the hotel. D. He called some of his friends.

C. Soup. D. Desert. ( ) 4. What is impolite at a dinner party? A. Saying “thank you” to the host.

B. Saying you like the host’s house. C. Eating up everything on your plate. D. Asking about the price of a certain thing.

( ) 5. The writer asks you A. to eat quickly

B. to visit the hosts next time C. to say thanks again the next day D. to sit closer to the hosts at the dinner

B

It was Sunday yesterday. Bruce went to play football with his friends. Soon he felt hot and took off his coat. On his way home, he forgot to put it on again. This morning he felt unwell and couldn’t go to school. His mother told him to stay in bed and then went to buy some medicine for him. An hour later he wouldn’t lie there, so he stood by the window. The sun was shining and the birds were singing in the trees. Soon his mother came back and said, “It’s warmer outside. Go to sun yourself after you take the medicine. ”

Bruce went out and sat on a step and played alone. At that time a salesman（推销员）came up to him and asked, “Has your mother come back, my little friend? ” “Yes, sir,” answered the boy. The man began to ring the doorbell, but nobody answered. He rang it for a long time and became angry. “I don’t think you are an honest boy,” said the salesman. “There’s no one in the house. You’ve played a joke on me!”

“I don’t think so, sir,” said Bruce. “The house isn’t ours.”

( ) 6. What day is it today? A. Sunday. C. Monday. A. He is ill.

B. Saturday.

D. Tuesday.

( ) 7. Why doesn’t Bruce go to school today? B. He is busy at home. C. He wants to play football.

D. He helps his mother with house work. ( ) 8. What is the weather like today? A. Windy. C. Cloudy. A. To help her.

B. Raining. D. Sunny.

( ) 9. Why did the salesman look for Bruce’s mother?

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人教版八年级下册 Unit 3-4 知识复习总结+同步练习 （答案不全）

14. What happened when Dick got into the taxi? A. He forgot the address of his hotel. B. He had a quarrel with the driver. C. He didn’t have enough money. D. He had his things lost.

15. Who would help Dick in the end? A. His wife.

B. A policeman.

D. The manager of the hotel.

D

Most children don’t enjoy doing housework. They like playing computer games rather than cleaning the rooms. But in Australia, Jim and Robert’s mother, Mrs. Black, has good and proper methods to get their children to do housework. Here is an example.

“Mum, have you worked out next week’s housework? Let Jim and me choose the cards I can’t wait. It’s fun!”

When Robert shouted out, his mother had already put all the cards on their big table. On the cards, there are some words like these, “sweep the floor, clean your bedroom, help mum cook, wash vegetables, make beds, feed the fish, cut the wood, clean the bathroom” and many others. Jim and Robert chose two cards for each day from Monday to Friday. Then they would hang them on the week day task board. Jim likes to clean the bathroom, so he picked up the card “clean the bathroom”. Robert loves to make the bed so he picked up his favorite card. Jim again picked up “wash vegetables” and Robert chose “feed the fish”. Soon the two boys were happy to take away all the cards.

To help the children do housework, their mother thought hard and came up with this idea. Of course, the parents did the housework on the weekends and left Jim and Robert two days free.

( ) 16. What do most children like according to the text? A. Doing chores. B. Playing small cards. C. Playing computer games. D. Doing homework at home.

( ) 17. How many cards did Jim and Robert choose together every weekday? A. Two. B. Four. C. Six. A. To make the bed. B. To sweep the floor. C. To wash vegetables.

D. Eight.

( ) 18. What does Robert like to do? C. The taxi driver.

D. To clean the bathroom.

19. The underlined phrase “came up with” probably means “_____”.

A. looked at B. gave up C. thought of D. believed in 20. Who did the housework on the weekends? A. Jim. B. Robert. C. The parents. D. All of the family.

IV．阅读表达

Morning, everyone! My topic (话题) for today is “How Americans Value (重视) Time”.

Americans think a lot about time. From childhood they learn to value time. As children, parents teach them to go to school on time, to do work and to do everything on time. When they are having a good time, they say that time flies. When a person is dying (死亡), they say he is living on (以……为生) borrowed time.

Time is money. Time is knowledge. Time is everything in America. A working American has to work hard for 8 hours a day or 40 hours a week. This is the working time. In his free time, he also works hard for money. Even Saturday and Sunday are filled with (装满) other things. In the street you can hardly see a man who walks slowly. They walk very fast. In fact, they are running.

When you ask Americans why they are in a hurry (匆忙) all the time, they will probably say, “Time is money.” 1. When do Americans start to value time?

_______________________________ 2. How do American parents ask their children to value

time?

_________________________________ 3. What do Americans think of time?

________________________________ 4. How many days does a working American work?

_________________________________. 5. What are Americans always busy for?

___________________________ .

V. 书面表达

很多学生认为没有必要做家务事，而你认为做适当的家务劳动很有好处。请你根据要求，用英语写一篇80词左右的短文，表达你的观点。

参考词汇：do the dishes; make the bed; take out the rubbish; sweep the floor; healthy, happy

.

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人教版八年级下册 Unit 3-4 知识复习总结+同步练习 （答案不全）

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