CISCO路由器广域网协议设置ISDN

ISDN

1. 综合数字业务网（ISDN）

综合数字业务网（ISDN）由数字电话和数据传输服务两部分组成，一般由电话局提供这种服务。ISDN的基本速率接口（BRI）服务提供2个B信道和1个D信道（2B+D）。BRI的B信道速率为64Kbps,用于传输用户数据。D信道的速率为16Kbps，主要传输控制信号。在北美和日本，ISDN的主速率接口（PRI）提供23个B信道和1个D信道，总速率可达1.544Mbps，其中D信道速率为64Kbps。而在欧洲、澳大利亚等国家，ISDN的PRI提供30个B信道和1个64Kbps D信道，总速率可达2.048Mbps。我国电话局所提供ISDN PRI为30B+D。 2. 基本命令 任务

设置ISDN交换类型 接口设置 设置PPP封装 设置协议地址与电话号码的映射

命令

isdn switch-type switch-type1 interface bri 0 encapsulation ppp dialer map protocol

next-hop-address [name hostname] [broadcast] [dial-string]

启动PPP多连接 设置启动另一个B通道的阈值

ppp multilink

dialer load-threshold load

显示ISDN有关信息 show isdn {active | history | memory | services | status [dsl | interface-type number] | timers}

注：1.交换机类型如下表,国内交换机一般为basic-net3。 按区域分关键字 Australia basic-ts013 Europe basic-1tr6 basic-nwnet3 basic-net3

Australian TS013 switches

German 1TR6 ISDN switches Norway NET3 switches (phase 1) NET3 ISDN switches (UK, Denmark, and other nations); covers the Euro-ISDN E-DSS1 signalling system

primary-net5 vn2 vn3 Japan ntt primary-ntt

NET5 switches (UK and Europe) French VN2 ISDN switches French VN3 ISDN switches

Japanese NTT ISDN switches Japanese ISDN PRI switches 交换机类型

North America

basic-5ess basic-dms100 basic-ni1 primary-4ess

AT&T basic rate switches NT DMS-100 basic rate switches National ISDN-1 switches AT&T 4ESS switch type for the U.S. (ISDN PRI only)

primary-5ess AT&T 5ESS switch type for the U.S. (ISDN PRI only)

primary-dms100 NT DMS-100 switch type for the

U.S. (ISDN PRI only)

New Zealand basic-nznet3

New Zealand Net3 switches

3. ISDN实现DDR（dial-on-demand routing）实例: 设置如下： Router1:

hostname router1

user router2 password cisco !

isdn switch-type basic-net3 !

interface bri 0

ip address 192.200.10.1 255.255.255.0 encapsulation ppp

dialer map ip 192.200.10.2 name router2 572 dialer load-threshold 80 ppp multilink dialer-group 1

ppp authentication chap ！

dialer-list 1 protocol ip permit ! Router2:

hostname router2

user router1 password cisco !

isdn switch-type basic-net3 !

interface bri 0

ip address 192.200.10.2 255.255.255.0 encapsulation ppp

dialer map ip 192.200.10.1 name router1 571 dialer load-threshold 80 ppp multilink dialer-group 1

ppp authentication chap ！

dialer-list 1 protocol ip permit !

Cisco路由器同时支持回拨功能，我们将路由器Router1作为Callback Server,Router2作为Callback Client。 与回拨相关命令: 任务

映射协议地址和电话号码，并在接口上使用在全局模式下定义的PPP回拨的映射类别。

命令

dialer map protocol address name hostname class classname dial-string

设置接口支持PPP回拨 ppp callback accept 在全局模式下为PPP回拨设置映射类别 通过查找注册在dialer map里的主机名来决定回拨.

设置接口要求PPP回拨 ppp callback request 设置如下： Router1:

hostname router1

user router2 password cisco !

dialer callback-server [username]

map-class dialer classname

isdn switch-type basic-net3 !

interface bri 0

ip address 192.200.10.1 255.255.255.0 encapsulation ppp

dialer map ip 192.200.10.2 name router2 class s3 572 dialer load-threshold 80 ppp callback accept ppp multilink dialer-group 1

ppp authentication chap ！

map-class dialer s3

dialer callback-server username dialer-list 1 protocol ip permit ! Router2:

hostname router2

user router1 password cisco !

isdn switch-type basic-net3

!

interface bri 0

ip address 192.200.10.2 255.255.255.0 encapsulation ppp

dialer map ip 192.200.10.1 name router1 571 dialer load-threshold 80 ppp callback request ppp multilink dialer-group 1

ppp authentication chap ！

dialer-list 1 protocol ip permit !

相关调试命令： debug dialer debug isdn event debug isdn q921 debug isdn q931 debug ppp authentication debug ppp error debug ppp negotiation debug ppp packet show dialer

show isdn status

举例:执行debug dialer命令观察router2呼叫router1,router1回拨router2的过程.

router1#debug dialer router2#ping 192.200.10.1 router1#

00:03:50: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface BRI0:1, changed state to up 00:03:50: BRI0:1:PPP callback Callback server starting to router2 572 00:03:50: BRI0:1: disconnecting call

00:03:50: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface BRI0:1, changed state to down 00:03:50: BRI0:1: disconnecting call 00:03:50: BRI0:1: disconnecting call

00:03:51: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface BRI0:2, changed state to up 00:03:52: callback to router2 already started 00:03:52: BRI0:2: disconnecting call

00:03:52: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface BRI0:2, changed state to down 00:03:52: BRI0:2: disconnecting call 00:03:52: BRI0:2: disconnecting call 00:04:05: : Callback timer expired

00:04:05: BRI0:beginning callback to router2 572 00:04:05: BRI0: Attempting to dial 572

00:04:05: Freeing callback to router2 572

00:04:05: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface BRI0:1, changed state to up 00:04:05: BRI0:1: No callback negotiated

00:04:05: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Virtual-Access1, changed state to up 00:04:05: dialer Protocol up for Vi1

00:04:06: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface BRI0:1, changed state to up

00:04:06: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Virtual-Access1, chang ed state to up

00:04:11: %ISDN-6-CONNECT: Interface BRI0:1 is now connected to 572 #router1

4. ISDN访问首都在线263网实例:

本地局部网地址为10.0.0.0/24,属于保留地址，通过NAT地址翻译功能，局域网用户可以通过ISDN上263网访问Internet。263的ISDN电话号码为2633，用户为263，口令为263，所涉及的命令如下表： 任务

命令

指定接口通过PPP/IPCPip address negotiated 地址协商获得IP地址 指定内部和外部端口 使用ppp/pap作认证

ip nat {inside | outside} ppp authentication pap callin

指定接口属于拨号组1 定义拨号组1允许所有IP协议

dialer-group 1

dialer-list 1 protocol ip permit

设定拨号，号码为2633 dialer string 2633 设定登录263的用户名和口令 设定默认路由 设定符合访问列表2的所有源地址被翻译为bri 0所拥有的地址

设定访问列表2，允许所access-list 2 permit any 有协议 具体配置如下： hostname Cisco2503 !

isdn switch-type basic-net3 !

ip subnet-zero no ip domain-lookup ip routing !

interface Ethernet 0

ppp pap sent-username 263 password 263

ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 bri 0 ip nat inside source list 2 interface bri 0 overload

ip address 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.0 ip nat inside no shutdown !

interface Serial 0 shutdown no description no ip address !

interface Serial 1 shutdown no description no ip address !

interface bri 0 ip address negotiated ip nat outside encapsulation ppp

ppp authentication pap callin ppp multilink dialer-group 1 dialer hold-queue 10

dialer string 2633 dialer idle-timeout 120

ppp pap sent-username 263 password 263 no cdp enable no ip split-horizon no shutdown !

ip classless !

! Static Routes !

ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 bri 0 !

! Access Control List 2 !

access-list 2 permit any !

dialer-list 1 protocol ip permit !

! Dynamic NAT !

ip nat inside source list 2 interface bri 0 overload

snmp-server community public ro !

line console 0 exec-timeout 0 0 !

line vty 0 4 ! end

5. Cisco765M通过ISDN拨号上263

由于Cisco765的设置命令与我们常用的Cisco路由器的命令不同，所以以下列举了通过Cisco765上263访问Internet的具体命令行设置步骤。

>set system c765

c765> set multidestination on c765> set switch net3 c765> set ppp multilink on c765> cd lan

c765:LAN> set ip routing on c765:LAN> set ip address 10.0.0.1 c765:LAN> set ip netmask 255.0.0.0 c765:LAN> set briding off c765:LAN>cd

c765> set user remotenet New user remotenet being created c765:remotenet> set ip routing on c765:remotenet> set bridging off c765:remotenet> set ip framing none c765:remotenet> set ppp clientname 263 c765:remotenet> set ppp password client Enter new Password: 263 Re-Type new Password: 263

c765:remotenet> set ppp authentication out none c765:remotenet> set ip address 0.0.0.0 c765:remotenet> set ip netmask 0.0.0.0

c765:remotenet> set ppp address negotiation local on c765:remotenet> set ip pat on

c765:remotenet> set ip route destination 0.0.0.0/0 gateway 0.0.0.0 c765:remotenet> set number 2633 c765:remotenet> set active 命令描述如下： 任务

设置路由器系统名称 允许路由器呼叫多个目的地

设置ISDN交换机类型为set switch net3

命令

set system c765 set multidestination on

NET3

允许点到点间多条通道连接实现负载均衡 关掉桥接

建立用户预制文件用于设置拨号连接参数- 可以设置多个用户预制文件用于相同的物理端口对应于不同的连接。 使用PPP/IPCP 设置上网用户帐号 设置上网口令

set ip framing none set ppp clientname 263 set ppp password client Enter new Password: 263 Re-Type new Password: 263

不用PPP/CHAP或PAPset ppp authentication out none 做认证 允许地址磋商

set ppp address negotiation local on

设置地址翻译 设置默认路由

set ip pat on

set ip route destination 0.0.0.0/0 gateway 0.0.0.0

设置ISP的电话号码 激活用户预制文件

set ppp multilink on

set briding off set user remotenet

set number 2633 set active